A rigid clamp band system can provide a higher carrying capacity for a heavy-lift launch vehicle, but the research on its separation and capture dynamics process has not been deepened. In this paper, a nonlinear dynamic analysis model of a rigid clamp band system was established. The separation velocity, separation shock response, and capture motion of the rigid clamp band system were analyzed by an explicit dynamic simulation method. The influences of factors such as unlocking time and preload force on the parameters of separation and capture process were investigated. The results show that the extension of the unlocking time and the reduction of the preload force will result in the decrease in the separation speed and the impact acting on the satellite, the increase in the contact duration with the trapper, and the change in the separation movement of the clamp band, even causes the satellite to lean, which should be considered comprehensively in engineering applications.