新型车辆机电悬架的正实优化与性能分析

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摘要含有惯容器、弹簧和阻尼器三类机械网络元件组成车辆悬架系统由于元件众多，难以实现工程应用。针对上述问题，本文基于机电相似性理论,提出一种车辆机电悬架的参数优化设计方法，在综合考虑汽车行驶过程中垂向运动和俯仰运动的四自由度车辆机电悬架半车动力学模型基础上，探索应用机电惯容器的新型车辆机电悬架对汽车动态性能的提升效果。对于车辆悬架的多参数多约束优化问题，在考虑传递函数正实性和悬架动态性能约束的条件下，采用改进的粒子群算法对三种不同模式的车辆机电悬架的主要参数进行优化求解，并利用机电惯容器与外端电网络进行网络综合被动实现。数值仿真结果表明：在单目标优化条件下，新型车辆机电悬架的车身加速度均方根值和俯仰角加速度均方根值分别降低了26.5%和18.3%，在同时考虑双目标优化条件下可降低15.5%和11.4%，所提出的车辆机电悬架的动态隔振性能比传统被动悬架有了显著的提高，为悬架设计方法提供了新思路。

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关键词 ：车辆, 机电悬架, 半车模型, 惯容器, 正实综合

Abstract：There are many mechanical elements in the vehicle suspension system which employing the three types elements, namely, the inerter, the spring and the damper, and it cannot be easily applied to the automotive engineering. Due to this problem, a parameter optimization design method of the vehicle mechatronic suspension is proposed in this paper based on the electromechanical similarity theory. On the basis of the dynamic model of a half car model with four freedom degrees of vehicle mechatronic suspension considering the vertical motion and the pitch motion during the driving process of the vehicle, this paper explores the improvements of the new vehicle mechatronic suspension employing mechatronic inerter on the dynamic performance of the vehicle. In terms of the multi parameters and multi constraints optimization problem, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the main parameters of three different modes of vehicle mechatronic suspension by considering the positive real of transfer function and the dynamic performance constraints of the suspension, and the mechatronic inerter and the external electric network are used to realize the network passively. Numerical simulations showed that, under the single objective optimized condition, the RMS of vehicle body acceleration and pitch angular acceleration of the new vehicle mechatronic suspension are reduced by 26.5% and 18.3% respectively, and they can decrease by 15.5% and 11.4% simultaneously when taken the two objectives into consideration. The dynamic vibration isolation performance of the proposed vehicle mechatronic suspension is significantly improved compared with the traditional passive suspension, which provides a new idea for the suspension design method.

Key words： vehicle mechatronic suspension half car model inerter network synthesis

收稿日期: 2020-08-05 出版日期: 2021-11-15

引用本文:

仇成群1，沈钰杰2,3，施德华3. 新型车辆机电悬架的正实优化与性能分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(21): 76-81.
QIU Chengqun1, SHEN Yujie2,3, SHI Dehua3. Positive real optimization and performance analysis of new type vehicle electromechanical suspension. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2021, 40(21): 76-81.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I21/76

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