轴向压缩载荷下的音板木材振动和声学响应特性研究

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摘要为了探究轴向压缩载荷对音板木材的振动和声学响应特性的影响，深入研究木质材料的发声机理。本研究模拟音板木材在实际装配中受到的约束和轴向压缩载荷，利用双通道快速傅里叶变换频谱分析仪（FFT）对200-1600N轴向压缩载荷作用下音板木材的振动和声学性能进行检测。分析发现，在弹性形变范围内，随着轴向压缩载荷的增大，木材的共振频率呈下降的变化规律；轴向压缩载荷与音板木材的各声学参数呈显著的线性相关。通过SEM观察发现，正常、通直的细胞壁由于轴向压缩出现不同程度的褶皱，这是音板木材振动和声学性能变化的重要原因。研究结果表明轴向压缩载荷对音板木材的振动和声学性能的影响具有较强的规律性，因预应力的存在以及微观构造的改变，其整体振动和声学性能呈下降趋势。

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	翟学勇1
	2
	苗媛媛1
	2
	王秀雅1
	2
	万珂1
	2
	尹玉雪1
	2
	刘镇波1
	2

关键词 ：音板木材, 轴向压缩载荷, 声学特性, 声学参数, 微观构造

Abstract：In order to investigate the effect of the axial compression load on the acoustic and vibration response characteristics of soundboard wood, the sound production mechanism of wood materials was studied deeply. This study simulated the constraints and axial compression load of the soundboard wood in actual assembly, and used FFT to detect the acoustic and vibration performance of the soundboard wood under the axial compression load of 200-1600N. It was found that the resonant frequency of wood decreases with the increase of axial compression load in the elastic deformation range. There was a significant linear correlation between axial compression load and acoustic parameters of soundboard wood. Through the observation of SEM, it was found that the normal and straight cell walls appear wrinkles in different degrees due to axial compression, which is an important reason for the change of acoustic and vibration properties of soundboard wood. The results show that the effect of axial compression load on the acoustic and vibration performance of soundboard wood has a strong regularity, and the overall acoustic vibration performance tends to decrease due to the existence of prestressing and the change of microstructure.

Key words： soundboard wood axial compression load acoustic characteristics acoustic parameters microstructure

收稿日期: 2020-07-15 出版日期: 2021-12-15

引用本文:

翟学勇1,2，苗媛媛1,2，王秀雅1,2，万珂1,2，尹玉雪1,2，刘镇波1,2. 轴向压缩载荷下的音板木材振动和声学响应特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(23): 187-193.
ZHAI Xueyong1,2, MIAO Yuanyuan1,2, WANG Xiuya1,2, WAN Ke1,2, YIN Yuxue1,2, LIU Zhenbo1,2. Vibration and acoustic response characteristics of soundboard wood under axial compressive load. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2021, 40(23): 187-193.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I23/187

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