低频消声周期管路设计及其声学性能测试

摘要
图/表
参考文献(21)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (1244 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要为控制船舶空调通风管路系统的低频噪声传播，设计了多个Helmholtz消声器周期安装、具有低频消声特性的空调通风管路。该管路上等间距开有多个螺纹孔座，Helmholtz消声器可以选择不同的安装间距通过颈管的外螺纹与螺纹孔座配合安装于空调通风管路上，形成不同晶格常数的周期管路。对周期管路的声传播特性进行数值计算，从理论预测了所设计周期管路中可抑制声传播带隙的存在，同时给出了带隙的精确耦合条件。进一步，测试了周期管路的减噪量(noise reduction ，NR)和插入损失(insertion loss ，IL)。计算结果和实测结果表明，设计的声学周期管路确实存在局域共振带隙和布拉格带隙，带隙频率范围内可有效抑制管内声波传播。此外，这两种带隙位置可由安装间距进行调节，在一定条件下，两种带隙相邻带边可相互接合，形成耦合带隙。耦合带隙显著改善耦合前布拉格带隙的声衰减性能，与局域共振带隙耦合形成具有低频、宽带、强衰减的声衰减带，能有效衰减管内低频空气噪声传播，达到船舶空调通风管路系统低频噪声降噪的目的。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	沈惠杰1
	张涛1
	汤智胤1
	郁殿龙2

关键词 ：管路低频噪声, 声学超材料, 传递损失, 插入损失, 减噪量

Abstract：To control the transmission of low-frequency noise in the ventilation and air conditioning pipelines, a periodic pipe equipped with a 1D array of Helmholtz mufflers is constructed. Such a periodic pipe has a set of screw holes distributed in the axial direction with identical spacing such that the Helmholtz mufflers could be seated into the holes via the matching screw on the Helmholtz neck, thereby forming periodic pipes with various lattice constants. Numerical simulation results predict that there are two types of low-frequency band gaps existed in the periodic pipe system, i.e., the resonant and the Bragg type band gaps, respectively. These two types of gaps can be coupled by modulating the geometric parameters e.g., the lattice constant, via an exactly coupling condition. The experimental test of noise reduction (NR) and insertion loss (IL) further validate the theoretical prediction. Experimental results shows that within the band gap frequency ranges, the propagation of acoustic waves in the periodic system will be prohibited, exhibiting a good suppression effect on the transmission of low-frequency pipe noise, particularly in the resonant gap frequency range. Moreover, increasing the installing space of Helmholtz mufflers, the Bragg type gap will be move towards the lower frequency range. Under a certain condition, the Bragg and the resonant gaps could be combined together, giving rise to a low-frequency and broadband coupled gap with heavy attenuation effect. The experiment test reveals that the proposed strategy possesses a good control effect on the low-frequency noise transmission in the ventilation and air conditioning pipeline, thus providing a possible technical way to deal with the low-frequency noise problem in ship ventilation and air conditioning pipeline systems.

Key words： Low-frequency pipe noise Acoustic metamaterials Transmission loss Insertion loss Noise reduction

收稿日期: 2021-03-17 出版日期: 2022-04-28

引用本文:

沈惠杰1，张涛1，汤智胤1，郁殿龙2. 低频消声周期管路设计及其声学性能测试[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(8): 86-92.
SHEN Huijie1，ZHANG Tao1，TANG Zhiyin1，YU Dianlong2. Design of a low-frequency noise suppression periodic pipe and its acoustic performance test. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(8): 86-92.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I8/86

[1] 于华民，朱海潮，施引．实际通风管道噪声主动控制系统及其实现[J]．海军工程大学学报，2003，15(3)：42-45.
YU Huamin，ZHU Haichao, SHI Yin. Active noise control system of practical ventiduct and its implemention[J]. Journal of Naval University of Engineering, 2003，15(3)：42-45.
[2] Williams P, Kirby R, Hill J, Åbom M, Malecki C. Reducing low frequency tonal noise in large ducts using a hybrid reactive-dissipative silencer[J]. Applied Acoustics, 2018; 131: 61-69.
[3] Zhu Y-W, Zhu F-W, Zhang Y-S, Wei Q-G. The research on semi-active muffler device of controlling the exhaust pipe's low-frequency noise[J]. Applied Acoustics, 2017; 116, 9-13.
[4] Chiang Y K, Choy Y S, Tang S K, Vortex sound radiation in a flow duct with a dipole source and a flexible wall of finite length[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2017; 141: 1999-2010.
[5] 康钟绪，郑四发，连小珉，等．膨胀腔消声器声学仿真的一维修正方法[J]．声学学报，2011,36(6)：652-657.
KANG Zhongxu,ZHENG Sifa,LIAN Xiaomin, et al. Corrected one-dimensional approach for the acoustic simulation of expansion chamber silencer[J]．Acta Acustica, 2011,36(6)：652-657.
[6] 方智，季振林．均匀流直通穿孔消声器的声学特性分析[J]．声学学报，2015,40(3)：404-412.
FANG Zhi,JI Zhenlin. Acoustic characteristics analysis of straight-through perforated tube silencers with mean flow[J]．Acta Acustica，2015,40(3)：404-412.
[7] 吴礼福，李佳强，陈定，等．一种调节反馈有源噪声控制系统水床效应的频域自适应算法[J]．应用声学，2019,38(1)：45-51.
WU Lifu,LI Jiaqiang,CHEN Ding, et al. A frequency domain adaptive algorithm for tuning the waterbed effect of feedback active noise control system[J]．Journal of Applied Acoustics，2019,38(1)：45-51.
[8] Park J H, Lee S K. A novel adaptive algorithm with an IIR filter and a variable step size for active noise control in a short duc[J]t. International Journal of Automotive Technology, 2012,13(2): 223-229.
[9] Tang Y, Xin F, Huang L, Lu T. Deep subwavelength acoustic metamaterial for low-frequency sound absorption[J]. EPL, 2017, 118: 44002.
[10] 陈鑫，姚宏，赵静波，等．Helmholtz 腔与弹性振子耦合结构带隙[J].物理学报，2019,68(8)：084302.
Chen Xin,Yao Hong,Zhao Jing-Bo, et al. Band gap of structure coupling Helmholtz resonator with elastic oscillator[J]. Acta Physica Sinica，2019,68(8)：084302.
[11] Yu D L, Shen H J, Liu J W, Yin J F, Zhang Z F, Wen J H. Propagation of acoustic waves in a fluid-filled pipe with periodic elastic Helmholtz resonators[J]. Chinese Physics B, 2018, 27(6): 064301.
[12] Lu M H, Feng L,Chen Y F. Phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials[J]. Materials Today, 2009, 12: 34-42.
[13] Liu J, Yu D, Wen J, Zhang Z. Analysis of an Ultra-Low Frequency and Ultra-Broadband Phononic Crystals Silencer with Small Size[J]. Journal of Theoretical and Computational Acoustics, 2018, 26: 1850026.
[14] 张振方，郁殿龙，刘江伟，等. 内插扩张室声子晶体管路带隙特性研究[J]．物理学报，2018,67(7)：074301.
Zhang Zhen-Fang,Yu Dian-Long,Liu Jiang-Wei, et al. Properties of band gaps in phononic crystal pipe consisting of expansion chambers with extended inlet/outlet[J]．Acta Physica Sinica，2018,67(7)：074301.
[15] Richoux O, Lombard B, Mercier J-F. Generation of acoustic solitary waves in a lattice of Helmholtz resonators[J]. Wave Motion, 2015,56: 85-99.
[16] 李雁飞，沈惠杰，章林柯，等．超材料型周期管路声传播特性及低频宽带控制[J]．声学学报，2017,42(3)：334-340.
LI Yanfei,SHEN Huijie,ZHANG Linke, et al. Sound propagation characteristics of a metamaterials-type periodic pipe and its low-frequency broadband control[J]．Acta Acustica，2017,42(3)：334-340.
[17] Xiao Y, Wen J, Yu D, Wen X. Flexural wave propagation in beams with periodically attached vibration absorbers: Band-gap behavior and band formation mechanisms[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2013,332: 867-893..
[18] Jiménez N, Romero-García V, Pagneux V, Groby J-P. Quasiperfect absorption by subwavelength acoustic panels in transmission using accumulationof resonances due to slow sound[J]. Physical Review B, 2017, 95: 014205.
[19] 卢兆刚，郝志勇，郑旭，等．机械激励下的板件声学包装中频段插入损失研究[J]．振动与冲击，2012,31(3)：162-167.
LU Zhao-gang,HAO Zhi-yong,ZHENG Xu, et al. Mid-frequency band IL of sound package under structure excitation[J]．Journal of Vibration and Shock，2012,31(3)：162-167.
[20] 杨亮，季振林，WU T W．消声器传递损失预测的边界元模态展开混合方法[J]．声学学报，2015,40(6)：836-844.
YANG Liang,JI Zhenlin,WU T W. Transmission loss prediction of silencers by using combined boundary element method and modal expansion approach [J]．Acta Acustica，2015,40(6)：836-844.
[21] 郭庆，刘克，李篙，等．具有流动和侧向Helmholtz共振器的驻波管内声场研究II.实验验证及结果讨论[J]．声学学报，2003,28(6)：526-533.
GUO Qing ,LIU Ke, LI Song, et al. A study of sound field in a standing wave tube with flow and lateral Helmholtz resonator II. Experimental confirmation and results discussion [J]．Acta Acustica，2003,28(6)：526-533.