考虑滑动和热膨胀的球轴承局部故障动力学建模

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摘要研究外圈局部剥落故障球轴承工作时的动力学特性，并建立考虑滑动和热膨胀的球轴承动力学模型。首先把轴承简化为只考虑径向接触力的弹簧-阻尼模型，研究滚动体在滚道中刚开始承受载荷时的滑动作用，得到考虑滑动作用的滚动体与滚道间的角度关系模型。对外圈局部剥落故障区域附近滚动体的接触刚度和位移变化进行研究，分析滚动体在进入和退出剥落区过程中不同状态下的接触刚度和径向位移的变化情况，修正剥落故障区域附近滚动体与滚道的接触刚度值，得到时变刚度模型和时变位移模型，使动力学模型仿真信号更接近真实情况。利用局部法计算球轴承内部各接触组件间摩擦产生的热量，结合热网络法和球轴承瞬态热平衡方程计算轴承各节点的温度。研究球轴承内部滚动体的径向热膨胀位移，修正轴承动力学模型中滚动体的时变位移模型。以牛顿第二定律和Hertz接触理论为基础，充分考虑滚动体的滑动作用、热膨胀位移和剥落区域时变刚度、时变位移，建立球轴承外圈局部故障二自由度动力学模型，使用四阶龙格库塔法对模型进行求解。利用实验与模拟结果对比，证明模型的可行性。

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	雷宏卫
	成建联

关键词 ：局部故障, 球轴承, 动力学, 热膨胀, 滑动作用

Abstract：A dynamic model was presented to investigate the vibration characteristics of the ball bearings with localized defect considering sliding and thermal expansion. In order to achieve the purpose, the bearing is simplified to the model which only considers the radial contact force, so that the sliding action of the rolling element in the raceway at the beginning of loading can be studied, and then the angle relationship model between the rolling elements and the raceway considering the sliding action can be obtained. In order to make the dynamic model closer to the real situation, the contact stiffness of the rolling elements and radial displacement under different states in the process of entering and exiting the defect area was analyzed, so the contact stiffness is corrected. The time-varying stiffness model and time-varying displacement model are obtained. The heat generated by friction of bearing components is calculated by local method. The calculated heat is then combined with the thermal network method and the transient heat balance equation of the ball bearing to calculate the temperature of the bearing. Thus, the thermal expansion displacement of the ball bearing can be investigated, and the time-varying displacement of the rolling body in the dynamic model can be revised. Finally, based on Newton's second law and Hertzian contact deformation theory, a two-degree-of-freedom dynamic model for ball bearings with localized defect considering sliding, thermal expansion, time-varying stiffness, time-varying displacement was established. The model was solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The feasibility of the model is proved by comparing the experimental results with the model results.

Key words： localized defect ball bearings dynamics thermal expansion gliding

收稿日期: 2021-03-22 出版日期: 2022-06-15

引用本文:

雷宏卫，成建联. 考虑滑动和热膨胀的球轴承局部故障动力学建模[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(11): 149-155.
LEI Hongwei, CHENG Jianlian. Dynamic modeling for local fault of ball bearing considering sliding and thermal expansion. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(11): 149-155.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I11/149

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