基于多时频曲线提取广义特征的变转速轴承故障诊断

摘要
图/表
参考文献(21)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (2317 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要变转速工况下的滚动轴承故障振动信号呈现时变非平稳、故障特征信息微弱、被噪声淹没的特点，使其故障诊断变得困难。广义解调算法作为典型的非平稳信号处理方法，可有效处理时变非平稳故障信号。由于广义解调变换中相位函数的确定需要额外安装转速计，且迭代解调变换过程导致频谱混叠，容易造成故障的漏诊或误诊。为此本文提出了一种新的基于多时频曲线提取广义特征的变转速滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先，利用快速谱峭度算法计算最优带通滤波参数，并对原始振动信号进行滤波。对滤波后的共振带信号进行短时傅立叶变换(Short-Time Fourier Transform, STFT)获取时频图，采用多时频曲线提取算法（Multiple Time-Frequency Curve Extraction, MTFCE)提取瞬时故障特征频率（Instantaneous Fault Characteristic Frequencies, IFCFs）和瞬时转频（Instantaneous Shaft Rotational Frequency, ISRF），拟合IFCFs和ISRF曲线的多项式方程。其次，基于假设思想，利用广义解调理论定义了变转速轴承发生故障时的广义特征指标。最后，基于广义特征指标与IFCFs拟合曲线参数构建量化诊断模型，实现变转速故障诊断。该方法借鉴了广义解调变换理论思想，但无需对振动信号进行后续的解调变换，有效避免了多次解调变换导致的频谱混叠。仿真和实例结果表明，所提方法具有较强的鲁棒性，能有效诊断时变工况下的滚动轴承故障。
关键词：滚动轴承；变转速；故障诊断；多时频曲线提取；广义特征

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	肖飞
	张宏立
	马萍
	王聪

关键词 ：滚动轴承, 变转速, 故障诊断, 多时频曲线提取, 广义特征

Abstract：The rolling bearing fault vibration signal presents time-varying non-stationary, weak fault characteristic information being submerged by noise, which makes fault diagnosis difficult. The generalized demodulation (GD) can handle non-stationary fault signals. The iterative GD transform process leads to spectrum aliasing, which cause fault underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. Therefore, this paper proposes a new fault diagnosis method based on MTFCE extracting generalized characteristic for non-stationary bearing signal. Firstly, signal filtering via optimal bandpass filter parameters obtained by fast kurtosis algorithm. To obtain the time-frequency Representation by STFT. MTFCE extracts IFCFs and ISRF, then fit IFCFs and ISRF curves. Secondly, Define the generalized characteristic index on the hypothesis idea of the GD theory. Finally, Construct a quantitative diagnosis model based on the parameters of generalized characteristics index and IFCFs fitting curve. The simulation and example results show that the proposed method has strong robustness and can effectively diagnose bearing faults under non-stationary conditions.
Key words: rolling bearings; time-varying speed; fault diagnosis; MTFCE; generalized characteristic

Key words： rolling bearings time-varying speed fault diagnosis MTFCE generalized characteristic

收稿日期: 2021-03-24 出版日期: 2022-07-15

引用本文:

肖飞，张宏立，马萍，王聪. 基于多时频曲线提取广义特征的变转速轴承故障诊断[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(13): 152-159.
XIAO Fei, ZHANG Hongli, MA Ping, WANG Cong. Fault diagnosis of variable rotating speed rolling bearing using generalized features based on MTFCE. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(13): 152-159.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I13/152

[1] MACHADO DE AZEVEDO H D, ARAUJO A M, BOUCHONNEAU N, et al. A review of wind turbine bearing condition monitoring: State of the art and challenges[J]. RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS, 2016,56: 368-379.
[2] LIU C, CHENG G, LIU B, et al. Bearing fault diagnosis method with unknown variable speed based on multi-curve extraction and selection[J]. Measurement, 2020,153: 107437.
[3] 李蓉, 于德介, 陈向民, 等. 基于阶次分析与循环平稳解调的齿轮箱复合故障诊断方法[J]. 中国机械工程, 2013,24(10): 1320-1327.
LI Rong, YU Dejie, CHEN Xiangmin, et al. A compound fault diagnosis method for gearbox based on order tracking and cyclostationary demodulation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013,24(10): 1320-1327.
[4] 郝高岩, 刘永强, 廖英英, 等. 一种基于改进阶次包络谱的滚动轴承故障诊断算法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016,35(15): 144-148.
HAO Gaoyan, LIU Yongqiang, LIAO Yingying, et al. A rolling bearing fault diagnosis algorithm based on improved order envelope spectrum[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016,35(15): 144-148.
[5] 李蓉, 于德介, 陈向民, 等. 基于线调频小波路径追踪算法与EEMD的齿轮箱复合故障诊断方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2014(3): 51-56, 62.
LI Rong, YU Dejie, CHEN Xiangmin, et al. A compound fault diagnosis method for gearboxs based on chirplet path pursuit and EEMD[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2014(3): 51-56, 62.
[6] 高冠琪, 黄伟国, 李宁, 等. 基于时频挤压和阶比分析的变转速轴承故障检测方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020,39(03): 205-210.
GAO Guanqi, HUANG Weiguo, LI Ning, et al. Fault detection method for varying rotating speed bearings based on time-frequency squeeze and order analysis[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2020,39(03): 205-210.
[7] 王天杨, 李建勇, 程卫东, 等. 基于瞬时故障特征频率趋势线和故障特征阶比模板的变转速滚动轴承故障诊断[J]. 振动工程学报, 2015,28(6): 1006-1014.
Wang Tianyang, LI Jianyong, CHENG Weidong, et al. The instantaneous fault characteristic frequency and fault characteristic order template based fault diagnosis algorithm for rolling bearing under time-varying rotational speed[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2015,28(6): 1006-1014.
[8] 马增强, 阮婉莹, 陈明义, 等. ConceFT在滚动轴承瞬时转频估计中的应用[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019,38(19): 131-138.
MA Zengqiang, RUAN Wanying, CHEN Mingyi, et al. Application of ConceFT in instantaneous rotating frequency estimation of rolling bearings[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2019,38(19): 131-138.
[9] 程卫东, 王天杨, WANG JIN-JIANG, 等. 包络变形对阶比分析结果的影响及消除方法[J]. 振动工程学报, 2015,28(03): 470-477.
CHEN Weidong, Wang Tianyang, WANG JIN-JIANG, et al. Effects and its elimination method of envelope deformation on order analysis[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2015,28(03): 470-477.
[10] SAAVEDRA P N, RODRIGUEZ C G, et al. Accurate Assessment of Computed Order Tracking[J]. Shock and vibration, 2006,13(1): 13-32.
[11] OLHEDE S, WALDEN A T, et al. A generalized demodulation approach to time-frequency projections for multicomponent signals[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society. A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, 2005,461(2059): 2159-2179.
[12] 刘东东, 程卫东, 温伟刚, 等. 广义解调算法中能量因子的引入与配置原理的研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 2020,33(1): 213-218.
LIU Dongdong, CHENG Weidong, WEN Weigang, et al. Introduced energy factor to generalized demodulation and its configuration[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2020,33(1): 213-218.
[13] ZHAO D, LI J, CHENG W, et al. Compound faults detection of rolling element bearing based on the generalized demodulation algorithm under time-varying rotational speed[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2016,378: 109-123.
[14] 程军圣, 李宝庆, 杨宇, 等. 基于广义解调时频分析和瞬时频率计算的阶次谱方法在齿轮故障诊断中的应用[J]. 振动与冲击, 2011,30(9): 30-34.
CHENG Junsheng, LI Baoqing, YANG Yu, et al. Application of order spectrum method based on generalized demodulation
time-frequency analysis and instantaneous frequency calculation to gear fault diagnosis[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2011,30(9): 30-34.
[15] 陈小旺, 冯志鹏, MING LIANG, et al. 基于迭代广义同步压缩变换的时变工况行星齿轮箱故障诊断[J]. 机械工程学报, 2015(1): 131-137.
CHEN Xiaowang, Feng Zhipeng, MING LIANG, et al. Planetary gearbox fault diagnosis under time-variant conditions based on iterative generalized synchrosqueezing transform [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015(1): 131-137.
[16] 李红贤, 汤宝平, 韩延, 等. 迭代广义解调齿轮信号分离的变转速滚动轴承故障诊断[J]. 振动与冲击, 2018,37(23): 38-44.
LI Hongxian, TANG Baoping, HAN Yan, et al. Fault diagnosis of rolling bearings under a variable rotating speed based on iterative generalized demodulation gear signal separation[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018,37(23): 38-44.
[17] FENG Z, CHU F, ZUO M J, et al. Time-frequency analysis of time-varying modulated signals based on improved energy separation by iterative generalized demodulation[J]. JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION, 2011,330(6): 1225-1243.
[18] 马增强, 路飞宇, 刘素艳, 等. 一种基于广义解调的滚动轴承故障特征提取方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020,39(20): 190-196.
MA Zengqiang, Lu Feiyu, LIU Suyan, et al. A method for fault feature extraction of rolling bearings based on generalized demodulation[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2020,39(20): 190-196.
[19] HUANG H, BADDOUR N, LIANG M, et al. Multiple time-frequency curve extraction Matlab code and its application to automatic bearing fault diagnosis under time-varying speed conditions[J]. MethodsX, 2019,6: 1415-1432.
[20] IATSENKO D, MCCLINTOCK P V E, STEFANOVSKA A, et al. Extraction of instantaneous frequencies from ridges in time–frequency representations of signals[J]. Signal Processing, 2016,125: 290-303.
[21] 赵德尊, 王天杨, 褚福磊. 基于自适应广义解调变换的滚动轴承时变非平稳故障特征提取[J]. 机械工程学报, 2020,56(03): 80-87.
ZHAO Dezun, WANG Tianyang, ZHU Fulei. Adaptive generalized demodulation transform based rolling bearing time-varying nonstationary fault feature extraction [J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2020,56(03): 80-87.