新能源汽车电机控制器盖板模态优化与振动噪声

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摘要新能源汽车驱动电机成为中国新能源汽车产业发展规划中的关键技术零部件，进而对车用电机的NVH水平提出更高要求。分析了三合一电驱动总成噪声源和传递路径，并研究电机控制器盖板模态频率及刚度和电驱动总成噪声的关联性。然后建立电控盖板的模态优化求解模型，使用Hyperwork软件的Optistruct模块得到最优拓扑形态，指导电控盖板结构上增加环向筋和径向筋来提升模态频率和刚度。加筋优化后，电控盖板单体1阶自由模态频率从197hz增加到374hz，提高了89.8%，而2000hz以内的模态阶次数量从14个减少到9个，减少了盖板的共振次数。通过刚度和固有频率的关系式，可知优化后盖板刚度有明显增加。最后通过台架对照试验验证了电控盖板的优化可以减弱盖板的共振和受迫振动。从典型阶次噪声的阶次切片对比中，减速器一级齿轮21阶和二级齿轮13.16阶以及电机的24阶和48阶噪声对应的盖板振动加速度幅值降低3dB~7dB，最终有效降低电驱动总成的噪声。
关键词：三合一电驱动；电控盖板；模态；拓扑优化；振动噪声

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	张友国1
	2
	马天才1
	卢昕夕2

关键词 ：三合一电驱动, 电控盖板, 模态, 拓扑优化, 振动噪声

Abstract：The electric drive motor has become a key technical component in the development plan for China's new energy vehicle industry. Higher NVH performance of motor is required. The noise source and transmission path of the integration motor are analyzed, including the correlation between the mode of motor controller cover and the noise of drive motor. Then mode optimization model of the motor controller cover is established, and the Optistruct of Hyper works software is used to improve mode frequency and stiffness by designing hoop and radial ribs on the cover. After optimization, the first-order free mode frequency of the motor controller cover increased from 197hz to 374hz(89.8%), and the number of mode orders within 2000hz was reduced from 14 to 9, reducing the number of resonances. Through the relationship between stiffness and natural frequency, it shows that stiffness of the cover is significantly increased after optimization . In the end, it was verified with comparative experiments that optimized motor controller cover could reduce resonances and forced vibration. The amplitude of the vibration acceleration of motor controller cover reduced 3dB~7dB corresponding to the reducer’s 21st order of the first gear, the 13.16st order of the second gear, and the motor’s 24st and 48st orders. As a result, the noise of drive motor was effectively reduced.
Keywords: Three-in-one electric drive；Motor controller Cover；Mode; Topology Optimization; Vibration Noise

Key words： Three-in-one electric drive；Motor controller Cover；Mode Topology Optimization Vibration Noise

收稿日期: 2021-04-28 出版日期: 2022-07-28

引用本文:

张友国1，2，马天才1，卢昕夕2. 新能源汽车电机控制器盖板模态优化与振动噪声[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(14): 271-279.
ZHANG Youguo1,2, MA Tiancai1, LU Xinxi2. Mode optimization of the motor controller cover in a new energy vehicle and its vibration noise analysis. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(14): 271-279.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I14/271

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