Applicability of bridge vibration energy harvester based on nonlinear energy sink
YANG Xingsen1, LI Zhaoyu2, WANG Shaohua2, DOU Yinling1,3, ZHAN Yulin1, ZHAO Renda1
1.School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;
2.Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
3.MOE Key Lab of High-speed Railway Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
摘要非线性能量阱(Nonlinear energy sink, NES)作为一种经典的振动控制技术，近几年在一些研究中被创新性地与振动能量采集技术相结合，取得了一系列的进展。对于桥梁结构健康监测系统而言，传感器的供能问题一直有待改善。探究基于非线性能量阱的振动能量采集装置在桥梁结构上的适用性，对于桥梁结构振动能量采集的相关应用具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。以铁路简支梁桥为例，进行了针对基于NES的桥梁振动能量采集装置的适用性的讨论。首先，测试与表征了NES装置的力学特性和系统参数。之后，运用车辆-轨道-桥梁垂向耦合动力学理论和有限元法，评估了不同初始激励条件下NES装置的动态响应及其能量采集效果。结果表明，安装于桥梁结构上的NES装置具有弱线性刚度和强非线性刚度特性，对初始能量大小较为敏感，只有当初始位移达到一定阈值时，NES-桥梁系统中的靶向能量传递(Targeted energy transfer, TET)才会被激发。初始能量低于阈值时，TET无法被激发，NES装置能量采集效率不佳。基于数值分析的结果可知，该NES装置能够在合适的桥梁振动激励下发挥出非线性特性的优势，从而获得良好的能量采集效率。
关键词：桥梁振动；非线性能量阱；压电能量采集；靶向能量传递
Abstract：As a classical vibration control technology, nonlinear energy sink (NES) has been innovatively combined with approaches to harvest vibration energy in recent years, and a series of research efforts had been made. For health monitoring system of bridges, energy supplying of the sensors has always been a problem needed improving. Exploring the applicability of vibration energy harvester based on nonlinear energy sink to bridges, which is of great theoretical and practical significance. Taking a simply supported railway girder bridge as example, this work investigates the applicability of vibration energy harvester based on the nonlinear energy sink to the bridge. Firstly, mechanical properties and parameters of the NES are characterized. Subsequently, dynamic responses and energy harvesting effect of the NES under different initial excitation conditions are evaluated using the vertical coupling dynamics theory of vehicle-track-bridge and the finite element method. The results show that the NES with weak linear stiffness and strong nonlinear stiffness installed on the bridge is sensitive to initial displacement, and targeted energy transfer (TET) is excited only if initial displacement reaches a certain threshold. Moreover, TET cannot be excited when initial energy input cannot surpass the critical threshold, so the energy harvesting efficiency is poor. Based on the results of numerical analysis, the proposed NES can take full advantage of nonlinear characteristics under appropriate vibration excitation of the bridge, so as to obtain excellent energy harvesting efficiency.
Keywords: bridge vibration; nonlinear energy sink; piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting; targeted energy transfer
杨兴森1，李照宇2，王绍华2，豆银玲1,3，占玉林1，赵人达1. 基于非线性能量阱的桥梁振动能量采集装置的适用性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(19): 64-70.
YANG Xingsen1, LI Zhaoyu2, WANG Shaohua2, DOU Yinling1,3, ZHAN Yulin1, ZHAO Renda1. Applicability of bridge vibration energy harvester based on nonlinear energy sink. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(19): 64-70.
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