超长期循环荷载作用下海上风机大直径单桩动力特性演变规律研究

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摘要大直径单桩基础是目前应用最广泛的一种海上风机支撑结构，其现有相对成熟的研究主要集中在承载力、累积变形和初始动力特性计算等问题。而海上风机对海洋环境中的风、浪、流、地震波及其运行荷载等动荷载非常敏感，因此在长期循环荷载作用过程中，其振动特性变化规律必须得到充分研究。通过在干砂中的大直径单桩进行室内1g模型试验，以模型桩承载力为参考值，施加相同频率、不同幅值的循环荷载，并在加载过程中进行频响分析，得到桩顶水平位移频响函数，进而得出了以下结论：（1）桩基一阶共振频率随循环次数增大而增大；（2）阻尼比随循环加载次数整体呈降低趋势；（3）桩顶刚度则受循环荷载的致密作用和振动坑的形成等多因素影响，割线刚度主要呈下降趋势，卸载刚度呈增大趋势。
关键词：海上风机；大直径单桩；室内模型试验；长期循环荷载；频响分析；共振频率；阻尼比；桩顶水平刚度

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	龚敏1
	朱涛2
	陈守祥1
	张东明1
	贺瑞2

关键词 ：海上风机, 大直径单桩, 室内模型试验, 长期循环荷载, 频响分析, 共振频率, 阻尼比, 桩顶水平刚度

Abstract：As one of the most widely used supporting structures for offshore wind turbines, monopile foundation mainly focuses on bearing capacity, initial dynamic impedance and accumulative deformation. However, the offshore wind turbine is very sensitive to the dynamic loads such as wind, wave, current, seismic wave and its operation load in the marine environment. Therefore, in the process of long-term cyclic load, the law of its vibration characteristics must be fully studied. Through the indoor 1g model test of monopile in dry sand, taking the bearing capacity of model pile as reference value, applying cyclic load of the same frequency and different amplitude, and analyzing the frequency response during the loading process, the frequency response function of horizontal displacement of pile top is obtained, and then the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the resonance frequency of pile increases with the number of cycles; (2) the damping ratio decreases with the times of cyclic loading; (3) the stiffness of pile top is affected by many factors, such as the compaction of cyclic load and the formation of vibration pit; the secant stiffness decreases and the unloading stiffness increases.
Key words: Offshore wind turbine; monopile; indoor 1g test; long-term cyclic loading; frequency response analysis; resonance frequency; damping ratio; horizontal stiffness of pile top

Key words： Offshore wind turbine monopile indoor 1g test long-term cyclic loading frequency response analysis resonance frequency damping ratio horizontal stiffness of pile top

收稿日期: 2021-08-18 出版日期: 2023-01-15

引用本文:

龚敏1，朱涛2，陈守祥1，张东明1，贺瑞2. 超长期循环荷载作用下海上风机大直径单桩动力特性演变规律研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(1): 259-266.
GONG Min1, ZHU Tao2, CHEN Shouxiang1, ZHANG Dongming1, HE Rui2. Evolution of dynamic characteristics of large diameter monopile of offshore wind turbine under ultra-long term cyclic load. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2023, 42(1): 259-266.

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http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I1/259

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