基于压裂砂堵的水击特性研究及预测应用

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摘要针对超深井水力压裂发生砂堵时水击效应导致压力大幅振荡升高的问题。综合考虑多相流、支撑剂属性、井筒摩阻、施工压力大以及砂堵形成机理的特点，建立压裂砂堵水击效应预测模型，并采用有限差分法进行数值求解。将某高压深井压裂施工时砂堵的现场数据与预测模型计算结果进行对比分析，结果表明最大误差不大于2.92%，验证了模型的可靠性。针对压裂施工参数的影响开展了对比分析，结果表明：随着排量增大，水击压力波动随之增大，但排量对波速影响小；随着砂比提高，两相流密度增加，动能增大，压力波动小幅度增加，但波速随着砂比增高的规律为先降低再增加；随着支撑剂密度提高，水击压力波动增大而水击波速变化则由支撑剂密度和弹性模量共同决定。

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关键词 ：压力振荡, 压裂改造, 砂堵, 多相流, 水击效应

Abstract：In light of the fact that the water hammer effect causes a significant increase in pressure oscillation when sand plugging occurs during hydraulic fracturing of ultra-deep wells, a prediction model for the water hammer effect of fracturing sand plugging is established and numerically solved using the finite difference method, taking into account the characteristics of the multiphase flow, proppant properties, wellbore friction, high construction pressure, and sand plugging formation mechanism. The prediction model's calculation findings are compared to field data of sand plugging during fracturing in a high-pressure deep well. The findings reveal that the highest error is less than 2.92 percent, indicating that the model is reliable. A comparative analysis was carried out on the influence of fracturing operation parameters. The results indicate: 1) The water hammer pressure fluctuation rises as the fracturing fluid displacement rises, although displacement has minimal influence on water hammer velocity. 2) The kinetic energy increases as the two-phase flow density increases, and the pressure fluctuation of the water hammer effect increases significantly, but the wave velocity drops initially and then increases as the sand ratio increases. 3) The variation of the water hammer pressure rises as proppant density increases, and the change in water hammer wave velocity is dictated by proppant density and proppant elastic modulus.

Key words： pressure oscillation fracturing sand plugging multiphase flow water hammer

收稿日期: 2021-12-30 出版日期: 2023-04-15

引用本文:

丁亮亮1，王凯1，陈力力2，张强1，陈文康1. 基于压裂砂堵的水击特性研究及预测应用[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(7): 254-261.
DING Liangliang1, WANG Kai1, CHEN Lili2, ZHANG Qiang1, CHEN Wenkang1. Water hammer characteristics and prediction application based on fracturing sand plugging. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2023, 42(7): 254-261.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I7/254

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