晶向对铝合金构件微动疲劳初始起裂的影响研究

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摘要交变荷载作用下铝合金板材及结构组件的微动疲劳问题是飞机安全服役所面临的主要挑战和技术难题，而微动疲劳影响因素辨识是微动疲劳评估及控制的关键。为促进飞机构件微动疲劳评估及控制技术的发展，利用晶体塑性有限元方法和子模型-全局模型耦合技术研究了飞机机身铆钉-平板结构在压、剪交变应力循环作用下裂纹萌生特征，探讨了以晶向表征的材料细观织构分布对铝合金试样微动疲劳的影响。研究发现，晶向分布将对晶体材料的弹性模量和屈服及硬化强度造成明显影响；晶向分布对微动疲劳接触面起裂部位的影响不明显，而对亚表面起裂部位影响比较显著；晶向分布对微动疲劳初始起裂寿命的影响比较明显。研究结果表明，晶向分布这一细观织构影响了晶体材料宏观尺度的弹性强度特征和塑性变形特征，并对金属构件微动疲劳初始起裂寿命、亚表面裂缝发轫位置及扩展特征均造成了影响。基于本文的研究结论，利用材料加工方法改变金属晶体试样浅表层的晶向分布状态，将可以对微动疲劳裂缝发轫及扩展起到抑制作用。

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	王建
	阮星源

关键词 ：微动疲劳, 裂纹萌生, 初始起裂部位, 晶向, 晶体塑性有限元

Abstract：The fretting fatigue problem of aluminum alloy sheets and structural components under alternating loads is the main challenge and technical problem faced by the safe service of aircraft. The identification of fretting fatigue influencing factors is the key to fretting fatigue assessment and control. In order to promote the development of fretting fatigue assessment and control technology of aircraft components, this paper uses the crystal plasticity finite element method and sub-model-global model coupling technology to study the crack initiation characteristics of aircraft fuselage rivet-plate structures under the action of compressive and shear alternating stress cycles. The influence of the micro-texture distribution characterized by the crystallographic orientation on the fretting fatigue of aluminum alloy samples was discussed. The study found that the crystal orientation distribution will have a significant impact on the elastic modulus, yield and hardening strength of the crystalline material; the crystal orientation distribution has no obvious effect on the crack initiation part of the fretting fatigue contact surface, but has a more significant effect on the subsurface crack initiation part. The effect of grain orientation distribution on the initial crack initiation life of fretting fatigue is obvious. The research in this paper shows that the meso-texture of crystal orientation distribution affects the macroscopic elastic strength characteristics and plastic deformation characteristics of crystalline materials, and also affects the initial crack initiation life, subsurface crack initiation position and propagation characteristics of fretting fatigue of metal components. Based on the research conclusions of this paper, the use of material processing methods to change the crystal orientation distribution of the superficial layer of metal crystal samples can inhibit the initiation and propagation of fretting fatigue cracks.

Key words： fretting fatigue crack initiation crack initiation location grain orientation crystal plasticity finite element

收稿日期: 2022-07-12 出版日期: 2023-10-15

引用本文:

王建，阮星源. 晶向对铝合金构件微动疲劳初始起裂的影响研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(19): 130-136.
WANG Jian, RUAN Xingyuan. Effects of crystal orientation on crack initiation of fretting fatigue in aluminum alloy components. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2023, 42(19): 130-136.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I19/130

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