Numerical simulation and analysis of influencing factors of icing on transmission lines
GAO Peng1, ZANG Wuyue1, LI Danyu2, XU Feng1, DUAN Zhongdong1, OU Jinping1
1.School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China;
2.Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Department, China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100055, China
摘要本文通过建立二维输电导线结冰模型实现结冰冰形预测。空气流场和对流换热通过Fluent软件计算，采用基于拉格朗日法的离散相模型（DPM）计算输电导线表面水滴收集系数，利用Fluent的用户自定义函数（user-defined function ,UDF）编程求解Messinger热力学模型，计算得到了输电导线表面结冰冰形与结冰厚度。研究中考虑了风速、水滴中值体积直径（MVD）、温度、空气含水量和风向角等因素对输电导线结冰特性的影响。通过UDF实现导线的强迫振动，着重分析了输电导线振动对结冰特性的影响，得到了振动幅度和振动频率对局部水滴收集系数和结冰冰形的影响规律。
Abstract：In this paper, a two-dimensional transmission line icing model is established to predict the ice shape. The air flow field and convection heat transfer were calculated by Fluent software. The discrete phase model (DPM) based on the Lagrangian method was used to calculate the collection coefficient of water droplets on the surface of the transmission line. The Messinger thermodynamic model was solved by user-defined function (UDF) programming of the Fluent, and the ice shape and ice thickness on the surface of the transmission line were calculated. The effects of wind speed, water droplet median volume diameter (MVD), temperature, air moisture content and wind direction angle on the transmission line icing characteristics are considered in the study. The UDF is used to realize the forced vibration of the transmission line. The influence of the vibration of the transmission line on the icing characteristics is emphatically analyzed, and the influence laws of the vibration amplitudes and frequencies on the local water droplet collection coefficient and the icing shape are obtained.
高鹏1，臧五岳1，李丹煜2，徐枫1，段忠东1，欧进萍1. 输电导线结冰数值模拟与影响因素分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(20): 77-85.
GAO Peng1, ZANG Wuyue1, LI Danyu2, XU Feng1, DUAN Zhongdong1, OU Jinping1. Numerical simulation and analysis of influencing factors of icing on transmission lines. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2023, 42(20): 77-85.
[1] 张 暕. 架空输电线路覆冰机理及预测模型的研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2018.
[2] 祝 贺，王 刚，郭 鑫. 冰棱对三维覆冰导线气动力特性影响研究[J]. 振动与冲击，2021，40（1）：212-217.
ZHU He，WANG Gang，GUO Xin. Influences of ice crystal on aerodynamic characteristics of a 3D iced conductor[J]. Joumal of Vibration and Shock，2021，40（1）：212-217.
[3] LANGMUIR I, BLODGETT K. A mathematical investigation of water droplet [R]. Army Air Force Technical Report, 1946：47.
[4] LENHARD J，ROBERT W. An indirect method for estimating the weight of glaze on wires[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society，1955，36（1）：1-5.
[5] KUROIWA D. Icing and snow accretion on electric wires［R］. US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Research Report，1965：1-10.
[6] BEARD K V, PRUPPACHER H R. A determination of the terminal velocity and drag of small water droplets by means of a wind tunnel [J]. Journal of Atmospheric Science，26，1969：1066-1072.
[7] FU P. Modelling and simuulation of the ice accretion process on fixed or rotating cylindrical objects by the boundary element method[D]. Canada: University of Quebec, 2004.
[8] MESSINGER B L. Equilibrium temperature of an unheated icing surface as a function of air speed[J]. Journal of the aeronautical sciences, 1953, 20(1)：29-42.
[9] MACKLIN W. The density and structure of ice formed by accretion[J]. Quarterly journal of the royal meteorological society, 1962, 375(88): 30-50.
[10] JONES K F. The density of natural ice accretions related to nondimensional icing parameters[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 1990, 116: 477-496.
[11] 刘和云，周 迪，付俊萍. 导线雨淞覆冰预测简单模型的研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报，2001，21（4）：44-47.
LIU Heyun， ZHOU Di，FU Junping. Research on a simple model for predicting traverse rime ice[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE，2001，21（4）：44-47.
[12] 孙才新，蒋兴良，熊启新. 导线覆冰及其干湿增长临界条件分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报，2003，23（3）：141-145.
SUN Caixin，JIANG Xingliang，XIONG Qixin. Analysis of the critical condition of conductor icing and its wet and dry growth[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE，2003，23（3）：141-145.
[13] 郭 昊，刘沛清，屈秋林，等. 输电线雾凇覆冰的工程估算方法[J]. 高压电技术，2011，37（4）：1041-1049.
GUO Hao，LIU Peiqing，QU Qiulin，et al. Engineering estimation method of rime icing on transmission lines[J]. High voltage technology，2011，37（4）：1041-1049.
[14] 梁曦东，李雨佳，张轶博，等. 输电导线的覆冰时变仿真模型[J]. 高压电技术，2014，40（2）：336-343.
LIANG Xidong，LI Yujia，ZHANG Yibo，et al. Time-varying simulation model of transmission wire icing[J]. High voltage technology，2014，40（2）：336-343.
[15] 刘春城，刘 佼. 输电线路导线覆冰机理及雨凇覆冰模型[J]. 高压电技术，2011，37（1）：241-248.
LIU Chuncheng，LIU Jiao. Mechanism of transmission line conductor icing and model of rime icing[J].High voltage technology，2011，37（1）：241-248.
[16] YAFEI H，XINGLIANG J，MUHAMMAD S V. Ice Accretion Study of FXBW4-220 Transmission Line Composite Insulators and Anti-Icing Geometry Optimization[J]. Electric Power Systems Research，2021，194（12）：107089.
[17] 李浩然，段玉宇，张宇飞，等. 结冰模拟软件AERO-ICE中的关键数值方法[J]. 航空学报，2021，42（S1）：107-122.
LI Haoran，DUAN Yuyu，ZHANG Yufei，et al.Key numerical methods in icing simulation software AERO-ICE[J]. Journal of aviation，2021，42（S1）：107-122.
[18] 沈国辉，袁光辉，邢月龙，等. 导线覆冰脱落的数值模拟和参数分析[J]. 振动与冲击，2021，31（5）：55-59.
SHEN Guohui，YUAN Guanghui，XING Yuelong，et al. Numerical simulation and parametric analysis of ice-shedding on conductors[J]. Joumal of Vibration and Shock，2021，31（5）：55-59.
[19] 王 昕，楼文娟，沈国辉. 覆冰输电线路舞动气动阻尼识别[J]. 振动与冲击，2011，30（10）：160-164.
WANG Xin，LOU Wenjuan，SHEN Guohui. Aerodynamic
damping identification of iced transmission line galloping[J]. Joumal of Vibration and Shock，2011，30（10）：160-164.
[20] 胡良权，胡 平，杨晓建，等. S809翼型水滴撞击特性研究[J]. 工程热物理学报，2019， 40（1）：77-83.
HU Liangquan，HU Ping，YANG Xiaojian，et.al. Research on Droplet impact characteristics of S809 airfoil[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2019， 40（1）：77-83.
[21] 汪泉霖. 输电线路导线无扭转覆冰过程的仿真实验方法研究[D]. 重庆大学，2018.
[22] SOKOLOV P，VIRK M S. Aerodynamic forces on iced cylinder for dry ice accretion - A numerical Study[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics，2020，206：1-10.
[23] 谭冬梅，王凯丽，瞿伟廉，等. 三维覆冰斜拉索风致振动驰振分析[J]. 振动与冲击，2016，35（7）：156-166.
TAN Dongmei，WANG Kaili，QU Weilian，et al. Galloping Analysis of Wind-induced Vibration for 3D Stay Cables with Iced Accretion[J]. Joumal of Vibration and Shock，2016，35（7）：156-166.
