桥梁抗风型TMD对车-桥耦合振动系统减振性能研究

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摘要为研究桥梁抗风型调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)对车辆荷载引起结构振动的减振效果，并揭示车载作用下的TMD激振机理，提出了基于模态动能演化的多自由度结构TMD控制方法，确定了安装TMD的最优设计参数和布设位置；考虑桥梁有限元模型动力求解的通用性，基于桥梁三维动力分析系统BDANS软件建立了车-桥-TMD动力耦合分析系统；以经典单自由度移动弹簧质量过简支梁模型为研究对象，分析了车-桥-TMD系统振动特性，结合某深水区非通航桥梁抗风型TMD工程实例分析了TMD对车致振动的减振效果和机理。研究结果表明：TMD行程幅值与减振效果呈现正相关特点，即行程幅值越大对车-桥动力效应引起的振动减振效果越好；安装TMD可以显著提高结构的等效阻尼比，满足等效阻尼比>1%的工程需求，提高桥梁结构振动的稳定性；TMD在一定条件下可以减小车辆通过时引发桥梁竖向位移冲击效应，最大可减少3%左右；TMD对车-桥2个子系统的加速度瞬态峰值均起到了一定的抑制效果，尤其对桥梁结构竖向振动加速度作用效果明显，安装TMD后的桥梁跨中竖向振动加速度RMS值减少约20%；对大跨钢箱桥梁而言，相比较小的车辆荷载冲击效应，一阶竖弯呈邻跨反对称特性的桥梁结构在车辆通行过程中更容易激起TMD，使桥梁结构获得更佳的减振效果。

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	刘修平1
	王涛1
	杨克焕2
	冯宇1
	韩万水1

关键词 ：桥梁工程, 抗风型TMD, 车-桥耦合, 减振控制

Abstract：To study the vibration reduction effect of Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) on bridge structures subjected to vehicle loading and reveal the excitation mechanism of TMD under moving vehicles, a multi-degree-of-freedom structural TMDs control method based on modal kinetic energy evolution was proposed. Optimal design parameters and installation locations for TMDs were determined. Considering the generality of dynamic solution for bridge finite element models, a vehicle-bridge-TMDs dynamic coupling analysis system was established using the BDANS software, a three-dimensional bridge dynamics analysis tool. Taking a classic case of a simply supported beam with a single-degree-of-freedom moving mass-spring system as the research object, the vibration characteristics of the vehicle-bridge-TMDs system were analyzed. An engineering example of a non-navigable bridge in a deepwater area with wind-resistant TMDs was studied to analyze the damping effects and mechanisms of TMDs on vehicle-induced vibrations. The research findings indicate the following: The amplitude of TMDs travel is positively correlated with its damping effect, indicating that larger travel amplitudes result in better attenuation of vehicle-bridge dynamic effects-induced vibrations. Installing TMDs can significantly increase the equivalent damping ratio of the structure, meeting the engineering requirement of an equivalent damping ratio greater than 1% and improving the stability of bridge structural vibrations. In certain conditions, TMDs can reduce the vertical displacement impact caused by moving vehicles, with a maximum reduction of approximately 3%. TMDs have a suppressing effect on the peak transient accelerations of both the vehicle and bridge subsystems, especially on the vertical acceleration of the bridge structure. The root mean square (RMS) value of the vertical acceleration at the midspan of the bridge decreases by approximately 20% after installing TMDs. For long-span steel box girder bridges, compared to smaller impact effect of moving vehicles, structures with first-order vertical bending mode exhibiting adjacent span anti-symmetrical characteristics are more easily excited by TMDs, resulting in better vibration attenuation of the bridge structure while vehicles move through.

Key words： bridge engineering wind resistant TMD coupled vibration of vehicle and bridge vibration control

收稿日期: 2023-04-24 出版日期: 2024-03-15

引用本文:

刘修平1，王涛1，杨克焕2，冯宇1，韩万水1. 桥梁抗风型TMD对车-桥耦合振动系统减振性能研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(5): 121-130.
LIU Xiuping1,WANG Tao1,YANG Kehuan2,FENG Yu1,HAN Wanshui1. Vibration reduction effect of bridge anti-wind type TMD on vehicle-bridge coupled vibration system. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2024, 43(5): 121-130.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/I5/121

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