小净距隧道先行洞爆破开挖对后行洞围岩稳定性影响研究

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摘要为研究小净距隧道先行洞爆破开挖对后行洞围岩稳定性的影响，以浙江义东高速防军隧道项目为工程背景，根据能量衰减规律推导出爆破施工中围岩振速计算公式，采用有限元软件MIDAS GTS NX模拟不同净距条件下围岩振速及应力的变化规律，将围岩振速数值结果与理论值进行对比分析，验证了振速计算公式的准确性。根据振速与应力之间关系，提出保证隧道安全施工的振速阈值。结果表明：（1）后行洞围岩振速大小理论值与模拟值最大相对误差为5.9 %，与现场监测数据最大相对误差为7 %，验证了理论公式的准确性。（2）后行洞隧道振速峰值与先行洞隧道爆破中心距呈负相关，围岩迎爆侧面监测点振速峰值大于背爆侧，2D为防军隧道爆破施工时最小安全净距（D为隧道净距），此时上台阶开挖最大振速峰值约为下台阶的1.2倍。（3）爆破开挖后围岩应力峰值与振速峰值主要集中在拱腰及拱脚附近，随着净距增大，先行洞对后行洞的影响逐渐减弱，最终忽略不计。（4）爆破作用下，围岩应力峰值和振速峰值具有一定线性关系，保证隧道爆破安全施工的振速控制阈值为1.9 cm∙s-1，研究成果可为今后类似小净距隧道工程爆破施工提供借鉴。

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	李旭哲1
	李文杰1
	毕志刚2
	梁斌1

关键词 ：小净距隧道, 隧道净距, 爆破开挖, 振动响应, 围岩稳定性, 数值模拟

Abstract：In order to study the influence of blasting excavation on the stability of surrounding rock in the tunnel with a small clear distance, taking the Yidong high-speed Fangjun tunnel project in Zhejiang province as the engineering background, the calculation formula of surrounding rock vibration velocity during blasting construction was derived according to the law of energy attenuation. The finite element software MIDAS GTS NX was used to simulate the change law of surrounding rock vibration velocity and stress under different clear distance conditions. The numerical results of vibration velocity in surrounding rock are compared with the theoretical values to verify the accuracy of the formula. According to the relation between vibration velocity and stress, the threshold value of vibration velocity is proposed to ensure the safe construction of tunnels. The results show that: (1) The maximum relative error between the theoretical value and the simulated value is 5.9%, and the maximum relative error between the theoretical value and the field monitoring data is 7 %, which verifies the accuracy of the theoretical formula. (2) There is a negative correlation between the peak vibration velocity of the rear tunnel and the distance between the blasting center of the first tunnel, and the peak vibration velocity of the monitoring point on the blasting side of the surrounding rock is greater than that on the back explosion side. 2D is the minimum safe clear distance of the anti-military tunnel during blasting construction (D is the clear distance of the tunnel), at this time, the maximum peak vibration velocity of the excavation of the upper step is about 1.20 times that of the lower step. (3) After blasting excavation, the peak stress and vibration velocity of the surrounding rock are mainly concentrated near the arch waist and arch foot. With the increase in the clear distance, the influence of the advance tunnel on the rear tunnel gradually weakens and is eventually ignored. (4) Under the action of blasting, there is a certain linear relationship between the peak stress of surrounding rock and the peak vibration velocity, and the vibration velocity control threshold to ensure the safe construction of tunnel blasting is 1.9 cm∙s-1. The research results can provide a reference for the blasting construction of similar small clear-distance tunnel projects in the future.

Key words： small clear distance tunnel tunnel clearance blasting excavation vibration response； stability of surrounding rock numerical simulation

收稿日期: 2023-04-24 出版日期: 2024-04-15

引用本文:

李旭哲1，李文杰1，毕志刚2，梁斌1. 小净距隧道先行洞爆破开挖对后行洞围岩稳定性影响研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(7): 42-49.
LI Xuzhe1, LI Wenjie1, BI Zhigang2, LIANG Bin1. Effects of blasting excavation of 1st tunnel of small clear distance tunnels on surrounding rock stability of 2nd tunnel. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2024, 43(7): 42-49.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/I7/42

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