乘用车前部造型的改变对行人下肢损伤的影响研究

摘要
图/表
参考文献(28)
相关文章 (3)

全文: PDF (2019 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要研究了欧盟行人保护指令发布后车辆前部造型的变化，以及该变化对行人下肢损伤的影响。为此，在德国深度事故调查数据库(GIDAS)选取了283起带有行人下肢损伤的事故案例，并将事故案例以欧洲行人保护指令发布时间为界限分为两组。首先采用描述性统计方法统计了两组案例中各个事故车辆前部结构值，然后利用威尔科克森（Wilcoxon）符号秩检验找出两组案例车型中具有显著差异的前部结构参数，最后通过二元逻辑回归分别建立两组案例车型与行人下肢严重损伤和腓骨/胫骨骨折风险曲线，分析行人保护指令发布后车辆前部造型的改变及对行人下肢损伤的影响。研究结果表明，新的车型具有更宽的前保险杠和更浅的保险杠伸出量，更高的引擎盖前缘以及更低的副保险杠下缘高度。在0-40 km/h的碰撞速度内，对于年龄不超过60岁的行人，行人保护指令发布后生产的车型对行人整体下肢严重损伤和腓骨/胫骨的保护性能相比于以往的车型均有所提高。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	王丙雨1
	2
	3
	刘天泉1
	韩勇1
	2
	3
	Otte Dietmar4
	秦利燕1
	2
	3
	李红5

关键词 ：符号秩检验, 逻辑回归, 行人下肢损伤风险, 汽车前部结构参数

Abstract：The change in vehicle front-end shape after the publication of the EU Pedestrian Protection Directive and the effect of that change on pedestrian lower extremity injuries were investigated. For this purpose, 283 accident cases with pedestrian lower limb injuries were selected from the German In-depth Accident Study Database (GIDAS), and the accident cases were divided into two groups according to the production year of the accident sedan. Descriptive statistics were employed to get the front structure values of each accident vehicle in the two groups, and then the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to identify the front structure parameters with significant differences between the two groups. Finally, the risk curves of severe lower extremity injury and fibula/tibia fractures were established by binary logistic regression for the two groups to analyze the change of vehicle front shape and the effect on pedestrian lower extremity injury after the issuance of the Pedestrian Protection Directive. The results demonstrated that the new models had a wider front bumper with shallower bumper projection, a higher hood leading edge, and a lower height of the lower edge of the sub-bumper. At crash speeds of 0-40 km/h, for pedestrians up to 60 years of age, the protection performance of vehicles produced after the release of the EU Pedestrian Protection Directive for severe overall lower limb injuries and fibula/tibia of pedestrians has been improved compared to previous vehicles.

Key words： Wilcoxon signed-rank test logistic regression pedestrian lower extremity injury risk Parameters of vehicle front structure

收稿日期: 2023-08-21 出版日期: 2024-05-15

引用本文:

王丙雨1,2,3，刘天泉1，韩勇1,2,3，Otte Dietmar4，秦利燕1,2,3，李红5. 乘用车前部造型的改变对行人下肢损伤的影响研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(9): 291-297.
WANG Bingyu1,2,3, LIU Tianquan1, HAN Yong1,2,3, OTTE Dietmar4, QIN Liyan1,2,3, LI Hong5. Effects of changes in passenger car front styling on pedestrian lower limb injuries. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2024, 43(9): 291-297.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/I9/291

[1]. World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2018 [EB/OL]. (2018-05-19). https://www.who.int/violence injury prevention/road safety status/2018/en/. [2]. European Commission. European Road Safety Observatory-2021 [EB/OL]. (2022-05-09). https://road-safety.transport.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-05/ERSO_annual_report_20220509.pdf [3]. 公安部交通管理局(中国). 中华人民共和国道路交通事故统计年报[R]. 无锡: 公安部交通管理科学研究所，2020. Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security (China). Annual report on road traffic accident statistics of the People's Republic of China [R]. Wuxi: Institute of Traffic Management Science, Ministry of Public Security, 2020. [4]. UNTAROIU C, DARVISH K, CRANDALL J, et al. A finite element model of the lower limb for simulating pedestrian impacts [J]. StappCar Crash Journal, 2005, 49: 157-181. [5]. MIZUNO Y. Summary of IHRA Pedestrian Safety WG Activities (2005)-Proposed test methods to evaluate pedestrian protection afforded by passenger cars [C]. Proceedings: International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2005, No. 05-0138. [6]. PAULOZZI L J. United States pedestrian fatality rates by vehicle type [J]. Injury Prevention, 2005, 11(4): 232-236. [7]. MIZUNO K, KAJZER J. Head injuries in vehicle-pedestrian impact [J]. SAE Transactions, 2000, 109: 232-243. [8]. YANG J K. Review of injury biomechanics in car-pedestrian collisions [J]. International Journal of Vehicle Safety, 2005, 1(1-3): 100-117. [9]. NHTSA. Traffic Safety Facts 2020—A compilation of motor vehicle crash data [EB/OL]. (2022-6-24). https://cdan.nhtsa.gov/SASStoredProcess/guest. [10]. MIZUNO K, HORIKI M, ZHAO Y, et al. Analysis of fall kinematics and injury risks in ground impact in car-pedestrian collisions using impulse [J]. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2022, 176: 1-14. [11]. 王丙雨，杨济匡，OTTE Dietmar，等.车辆与行人碰撞事故中下肢损伤风险研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(23):1-5. WANG Bingyu, YANG Jikuang, OTTE Dietmar, et al. Pedestrian lower extremity injury risk in car-pedestrian collisions [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(23): 1-5. [12]. 韩勇，何勇，林丽雅，等.电动两轮车事故中不同头盔对地面碰撞防护性能研究[J].振动与冲击,2022,41(18):55-65. HAN Yong, HE Yong, LIN Liya, et al. Ground impact protective performances of different helmets in electric two-wheeler accidents[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(18): 55-65. [13]. 余超，兰靛靛，王方，等.乘用车前挡风玻璃角度对行人头部/颅脑损伤影响研究[J].振动与冲击,2020,39(06):189-197. YU Chao, LAN Diandian, WANG Fang, et al. Influence of windscreen inclination angle on the head/brain injury in a pedestrian impact accident[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2020, 39(06): 189-197. [14]. 王兴华，彭勇.汽车-自行车/摩托车碰撞事故中骑车人头腿部动力学响应对比研究[J].振动与冲击,2018,37(01):156-162. WANG Xinghua, PENG Yong. Comparative investigation on the head and leg dynamic responses of two-wheeler riders in vehicle-bicycle/motorcycle accidents[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(01): 156-162. [15]. 王丙雨，邹俊，韩勇，等.车辆和自行车碰撞事故中骑车人下肢损伤风险研究[J].振动与冲击,2023,42(11):324-330. WANG Bingyu, ZOU Jun, HAN Yong, et al. A study on bicyclist lower extremity injury risk in car-bicycle collisions[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2023, 42(11): 324-330. [16]. 刘天泉，王丙雨，吴贺，等.保险杠刚度特性对行人头部及下肢的损伤影响[J].汽车安全与节能学报,2023,14(01):17-22. LIU Tianquan, WANG Bingyu, WU He, et al. Effects of the bumper stiffness characteristics on the pedestrian head injuries and the lower extremities injuries [J]. Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy, 2023, 14(01): 17-22. [17]. 杨济匡.汽车与行人碰撞中的损伤生物力学研究概览[J].汽车工程学报,2011,1(03):81-93. YANG Jikuang. Overview of Research on Injury Biomechanics in Car-pedestrian Collisions [J]. Chinese Journal of Automotive Engineering, 2011, 1(03): 81-93. [18]. KULLGREN A, LIE A, TINGVALL C. Comparison between Euro NCAP test results and real-world crash data[J]. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2010, 11(6): 587-593. [19]. STRANDROTH J, STERNLUND S, LIE A, et al. Correlation between Euro NCAP pedestrian test results and injury severity in injury crashes with pedestrians and bicyclists in Sweden [J]. Stapp Car Crash Journal, 2014, 58: 213-231. [20]. STRANDROTH J, RIZZI M, STERNLUND S, et al. The correlation between pedestrian injury severity in real-life crashes and Euro NCAP pedestrian test results [J]. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2011, 12(6): 604-613. [21]. PASTOR C. Correlation between pedestrian injury severity in real-life crashes and Euro-NCAP pedestrian test results [C]. In: Proceedings of the 23rd International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles. Seoul, South Korea. ESV Paper, 2013, No. 13-0308. [22]. NIE B B, ZHOU Q. Can new passenger cars reduce pedestrian lower extremity injury? A review of geometrical changes of front-end design before and after regulatory efforts [J]. Traffic Injury Prevention, 2016, 17(7): 712-719. [23]. LI G B, WANG F, OTTE D, et al. Have pedestrian subsystem tests improved passenger car front shape? [J]. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2018, 115: 143-150. [24]. European Enhanced Vehicle-safety Committee. Improved test methods to evaluate pedestrian protection afforded by passenger cars[R]. EEVC Working Group 17 Report, 1998. [25]. MATSUI Y. Effects of vehicle bumper height and impact velocity on type of lower extremity injury in vehicle–pedestrian accidents [J]. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 2005, 37(4): 633-640. [26]. 李洪成，张茂军，马广斌. SPSS数据分析实用教程[M]. 人民邮电出版社，2017. LI Hongcheng, ZHANG Maojun, MA Guangbin. A Practical Tutorial on SPSS Data Analysis[M]. People's Post and Telecommunications Press, 2017. [27]. AHMAD O B, BOSCHI-PINTO C, LOPEZ A D, et al. Age standardization of rates: a new WHO standard[J]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001, 9(10): 1-14. [28]. MORADI R, LANKARANI H M. Evaluation of the kinematics and injury potential to different sizes of pedestrians impacted by a utility vehicle with a frontal guard[J]. International Journal of Crashworthiness, 2011, 16(6): 645-655.