大型地下厂房开挖爆破损伤影响范围及评价研究

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摘要针对溪洛渡主厂房浅孔台阶开挖爆破工程，根据C-J爆轰理论和强度统计理论等分别得到炮孔壁上爆炸冲击荷载曲线和考虑压、拉损伤的岩石动力损伤本构关系。在FLAC3D数值软件中应用该爆炸荷载曲线和本构关系，并建立模拟单个垂直炮孔起爆的三维有限差分计算模型，分析岩石爆破动力响应，得到爆破损伤影响范围特性。同时在现场进行了爆破试验、钻孔声波测试和爆破振动速度测试。将现场试验、基于TCK体积拉伸损伤模型的数值计算与考虑压、拉损伤的数值计算的结果对比，验证压、拉损伤数值模型的合理性。研究成果表明，受地表自由面影响，岩石爆破损伤影响范围随深度增加而减小。炮孔顶部损伤影响水平半径最大，且该半径随单孔炸药量增大而显著增大；与最大损伤影响半径对应的水平径向质点峰值振动速度可作为爆破损伤安全判据；相对深度方向，水平径向为爆破损伤的主要扩展方向；数值计算结果较为合理，研究成果可为类似开挖爆破工程提供参考。

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	陈俊桦 1
	张家生1
	李新平2

关键词 ：大型地下厂房, 爆破损伤影响范围, 损伤评价, 爆破峰值振动速度, 单孔声波测试

Abstract：Against the background of short-hole bench blasting excavation of the main powerhouse in Xi Loudu hydroelectric power plant, the curve of load on blasthole and the constitutive relation model of rock dynamic damage on account of both compression fracture and tensile damage were suggested according to C-J donation mechanism and the statistical theory of strength. The curve of load and the constitutive relation were applied to software FLAC3D for the establishment of three-dimensional finite difference numerical simulation of single-hole blasting. The characteristics of rock blasting-induced damage zone were obtained through analysis of dynamic responses. Meanwhile, blasting test, test of acoustic wave velocity in borehole and blasting vibration test were carried out on site. The comparison of results obtained from field test, the numerical simulation based on TCK constitutive relation model and the numerical simulation on account of both compression fracture and tensile damage were also made in order to verify the rationality of the one suggested by authors. The results show that, the rock blasting-induce zone expands with the excavation depth decrease because of free surface of ground of excavtion layer. The horizontal radius of blasting-induced zone reaches its maximu on the surface of excavtion layer, at the top of blasthole, and that value increases significantly with the increment of single-hole charge amount. The peak value of horizontal-radicl vibration velocity occuring at the damage margin, on the surface of excavtion layer, can be used as the criterion of blasting-induced damage. The main blasting-induced damage extension is along horizontal-radial direction instead of vertical depth. The numerical results are reasonable and achievement can provide references to the similar blasting excavation projects.

Key words： large-scale underground powerhouse rock blasting-induced damage zone damage evaluation peak vibration velocity of blasting testing of single-hole acoustic wave velocity

收稿日期: 2015-04-17 出版日期: 2015-12-15

引用本文:

陈俊桦 1，张家生1，李新平2. 大型地下厂房开挖爆破损伤影响范围及评价研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 34(23): 54-61.
CHEN Jun-hua1，ZHANG jia-sheng1，LI Xin-ping2,. Study of rock blasting-induced damage zone and its evaluation under excavation of large-scale underground powerhouse. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2015, 34(23): 54-61.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2015/V34/I23/54

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