抑制斜拉桥施工阶段风致振动的水阻尼器可行性研究

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摘要相对于成桥状态，斜拉桥最大双悬臂施工阶段的刚度低、阻尼小，更容易产生风致振动。本文建议了一种安装拆卸方便、成本较低的水阻尼器，并进行了CFD仿真分析和减振试验，以验证其抑制斜拉桥施工期风致振动的有效性。结果表明：1）水阻尼器能显著增大阻尼系数，减轻结构振动；2）过小的开孔率不能有效利用水阻尼器内部流体的粘滞作用来耗能，而过大的开孔率则使得水阻尼器上下游两个表面压力差减小严重；3）在靠近水阻尼器两侧位置开孔，会使得外部绕流的旋涡在其两侧脱落；而靠近中心位置的开孔则可以使大漩涡在其下游面上脱落，有利于增大阻力系数；4）侧孔对系统阻尼的影响将会随水阻尼器上下游两面开孔的不同而改变，过大或过小的侧面开孔都会显著降低阻尼系数；5）水阻尼器体积的增大会降低减振效果，同时还应合理设计水阻尼器的最优的孔隙率，以达到最佳减振效果。综上所述，水阻尼器能有效抑制结构振动，且成本低廉、施工方便，特别适用于某些只需在施工期进行短期风振控制的桥梁。

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	李宇1
	潘彪1
	李琛2

关键词 ：斜拉桥, 最大双悬臂施工, 水阻尼器, 风致振动, 减振耗能

Abstract：relative to finished cable-stayed bridge, wind-induced vibration can be caused more easily in max double cantilever construction of cable-stayed bridge because of its low stiffness and damping. Water-damper is suggested with its convenience and low cost. And the CFD Analysis and vibration reduction test are carried on to study the effectiveness of vibration control. The CFD Analysis and vibration reduction test results show that: 1) System damping can be increased significantly by applying water-damper with holes. And structural vibration can be reduced effectively. 2) Effectiveness of water-damper can not be used with lower or higher opening rate. 3) If holes are applied in the edge of water-damper, external flow vortex will fall off. If holes are applied in the middle of water-damper, system damping will be increased. 4) Effect of holes in sides of water-damper on system damping will changed with the difference of position of holes. And the system damping can be decreased significantly with lower or higher opening rate of sides. 5) Effectiveness of water-damper can decreased with increasing volume. The optimal opening rate should also be designed to achieve good Effectiveness of vibration reduction. In conclusion, the vibration can be controlled effectively by applying water-damper with low cost and convenience, which is especially suitable for controlling wind-induced vibration in construction stage.

Key words： cable-stayed bridge max double cantilever construction water-damper wind-induced vibration vibration reduction and energy dissipation

收稿日期: 2015-03-19 出版日期: 2016-07-25

引用本文:

李宇1，潘彪1，李琛2. 抑制斜拉桥施工阶段风致振动的水阻尼器可行性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(15): 7-15.
Li Yu1，Pan Biao1，Li Chen2. Water-damper for Wind-induced Vibration control of Cable-stayed Bridge in Construction Stage. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2016, 35(15): 7-15.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/I15/7

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