引入撞击力的滚动轴承内圈故障振动模型

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摘要轴承动力学建模是深入理解故障产生机理的重要手段，是滚动轴承故障诊断的理论基础和关键环节。为了更准确地预知振动特征，以Hertz接触理论为基础，将轴承内圈与轴、外圈与轴承座之间的接触部分简化为弹簧-阻尼连接，轴承与滚道的接触点等效为线性弹簧。并将与轴承转速密切相关的撞击力这一运动参数引入到振动模型中，建立了一种能够综合考虑结构参数和运动参数的三自由度滚动轴承故障振动模型。对滚珠与缺陷的接触过程进行了详细分析，给出了包含转速参量的撞击力求解公式，并采用Runge-Kutta法对得到的非线性振动方程进行数值求解。最后采用6204滚动轴承内圈故障实测信号与所提出的振动模型求解得到的仿真信号进行了比较分析。结果表明，所建立的考虑撞击力的振动模型能够有效地对轴承故障信号的故障频率以及幅值进行预测。

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关键词 ：滚动轴承, 振动模型, 撞击力, 转速, 故障诊断

Abstract：Bearing dynamic modeling is an important mean of understanding fault mechanism, which is considered to be the theoretical foundation and the key part of fault diagnosis of rolling element bearing. In order to foresee the vibration characteristic accurately, based on Hertz contact theory, a 3 DOF dynamic model for rolling element bearing considering impact force has been developed, and the contact areas between the inner race and shaft and the contact areas between the outer race and housing are considered as spring-damper systems. The contact between rolling elements and races are considered as springs. The impact process between rolling elements and defective races, which is affected by velocity, was studied in detail. And the formula for impact force containing speed parameter is given. The solution of vibration equation was obtained using Runge-Kutta method. The numerical results for 6204 deep groove type ball bearing with inner race defect have been obtained and compared with experimental results, which validated the effectiveness of this model in both simulation of fault characteristic frequency and amplitude.

Key words： rolling element bearing dynamic model impact force velocity fault diagnosis

收稿日期: 2015-06-05 出版日期: 2016-08-25

引用本文:

黄文涛，董振振，孔繁朝. 引入撞击力的滚动轴承内圈故障振动模型[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(17): 121-126.
HUANG Wen-tao Dong Zhen-zhen Kong Fan-chao . Vibration model of rolling element bearing with inner race defect considering the impact force. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2016, 35(17): 121-126.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/I17/121

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