高速摩擦制动界面振动信号时频法分析技术研究

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摘要利用MM-1000型摩擦制动试验机进行了高速摩擦制动试验，使用加速度传感器采集了摩擦制动过程中界面轴向与径向振动信号。利用Morlet小波变换对不同制动压力、干湿工况下的振动信号进行分析，结合摩擦制动过程中瞬时摩擦系数变化对高速摩擦制动界面振动行为时频法分析技术进行了研究。结果表明：重采样能够大幅减小计算量且对低频段振动时频分析无明显影响；Morlet小波时频分析比短时傅里叶变换和HHT边际谱具有更好的分辨率，对制动界面振动信号处理效果更好；时频图中的斜率与制动过程中的转速变化相对应，表明高速摩擦制动过程中转速基本呈线性降低；结合时频图与瞬时摩擦系数曲线可以评估高速摩擦制动过程中界面状况变化过程；振动能量主要集中在基频、二倍频和三倍频，超过三倍频部分能量较少。

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	王峰1
	王文健1
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	刘启跃1
	郭俊1

关键词 ：高速摩擦制动, 振动信号, 小波变换（WT）, 短时傅里叶变换（STFT）

Abstract：The experiments on high-speed friction braking were carried out using a MM-1000 frictional braking machine. The vibration signals in both axial and radial directions were recorded by a three-dimensional acceleration sensor during the friction braking process. The morlet wavelet transformation was used to analyze the vibration signals under different braking pressure and dry and wet conditions. A vibration behaviour analysis technique for high-speed friction braking interface based on time-frequency method was explored by virtue of the change of instantaneous friction coefficient. The results indicate that the resampling of original vibration signal could reduce the amount of calculation and has no obvious influence on the time-frequency analysis of low frequency signals. The Morlet wavelet transformation has better resolution ratio and treatment efficiency compared to the short-time Fourier transformation and Hilbert Huang transformation (HHT) for the vibration signals of braking interface. The slope on the time-frequency map is correlated with the rotating speed in braking process and this indicates that the decelerating process of high-speed friction braking is linear. The combination of instantaneous friction coefficient and time-frequency map could be used to evaluate the change of interface condition of high-speed friction braking. The energy of vibration mainly focuses in the fundamental frequency and the second and third harmonic generations and there is only a little energy in higher harmonic generations.

Key words： high-speed friction braking vibration signal wavelet transformation (WT) short-time Fourier transformation (STFT)

收稿日期: 2015-10-14 出版日期: 2017-01-15

引用本文:

王峰1，王文健1,2，刘启跃1，郭俊1. 高速摩擦制动界面振动信号时频法分析技术研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(2): 89-94.
WANG Feng1,WANG Wenjian1,2,LIU Qiyue1,GUO Jun1. Time-frequency analysis technique for the vibration signals of high-speed friction braking interface. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2017, 36(2): 89-94.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2017/V36/I2/89

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