An evaluation model suitable to bamboo gardens’ soundscape coordination degree
HONG Xinchen 1,2 PAN Minghui 1 YUAN Yinan 1 WANG Yalei 1 WU Shasha 1 LAN Siren 1,2
1. College of Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China；
2. Forest Park Engineering Research Center, State Forestry Administration, Fuzhou 350002, China
Here, the relation between physical quantities to represent a bamboo garden space’s soundscape and psychological quantities to represent human subjective feelings was explored. The semantic difference method was used for observers to evaluate the coordination degree of different sounds and sights in a bamboo space, the objective physical indexes of observers’ positions were measured, and eventually the evaluation model for bamboo gardens’ soundscape coordination degree was established from the perspective of the soundscape ecology and the psychophysics. The results showed that when geophysical sounds are lighter, they make evaluators produce more coordinated perceptions or general coordinated ones, while their sound pressure levels rise, evaluators produce a certain uncoordinated feeling; biological sounds make evaluators produce a steady and coordinated sensation, while their sound pressure levels rise, evaluators don’t have a significant uncoordinated feeling; artificial sounds make evaluators produce a more uncoordinated feeling; the fitting trend for subjective data and objective ones of various acoustic elements conform to principles of the psychophysics, geophysical sounds and biological ones conform to Fechner's law, artificial sounds conform to Stevens' law; the proposed evaluation model is suitable to bamboo gardens’ soundscape coordination degree, it provides a reference for scientific and reasonable construction of bamboo gardens.
[1] Deichmann J L, Hernández-Serna A, J. A D C, et al. Soundscape analysis and acoustic monitoring document impacts of natural gas exploration on biodiversity in a tropical forest [J]. Ecological Indicators, 2017,74(5):39-48.
[2] Tucker D, Gage S H, Williamson I, et al. Linking ecological condition and the soundscape in fragmented Australian forests [J]. Landscape Ecology, 2014; 29(4):745-758.
[3] Fastl H. Neutralizing the meaning of sound for quality evaluation[C]// Proceedings of the 17th International Congress on Acoustics ICA,Italy,2001.
[4] Blesser B, Salter L R. Spaces Speak, Are You Listening? [J]. International Journal of Acoustics & Vibration, 2009,121(4):301-303.
[5] Aylor D. Sound Transmission through Vegetation in Relation to Leaf Area Density, Leaf Width, and Breadth of Canopy [J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1971,51(1).
[6] Southworth M. The sonic environment of cities [J]. Environment & Behavior, 1967, 1(1):49-70.
[7] Viollon S, Lavandier C, Drake C. Influence of visual setting on sound ratings in an urban environment [J]. Applied Acoustics, 2002, 63(5):493-511.
[8] Lercher P, Schulte-Forkkamp B. The Relevance of Soundscape Research to the Assessment of Noise Annoyance at the Community Level[C]//Proceeding of the 8th International Congress on Noise as a Public Health ProblemRotterdam, Netherlands, 2003, 225-231.
[9] 李国棋. 声景研究和声景设计[D].北京:清华大学,2004.
Li Guo-qi. Soundscape research and harmony scene design [D] Beijing: Tsinghua University,2004.
[10] 邰惠鑫. 城市住区的声景研究[D]. 南京:东南大学, 2004
Tai Hui-xin. Soundscape study of urban residential areas [D]. Nanjing: Southeast China University,2004.
[11] 赵志军, 谢凌云. 视觉刺激条件下的听感差别阈限测量 [J]. 声学学报, 2013,38(5):624-631.
[12] Almo F, Soundscape Ecology:Principles, Patterns, Methods and Applications [M]. Berlin: Springer,2014; 7-11.
[13] Gasc A, Sueur J, Jiguet F, et al. Assessing biodiversity with sound: Do acoustic diversity indices reflect phylogenetic and functional diversities of bird communities?[J]. Ecological Indicators, 2013, 25(1):279–287.
[14] Bucur V. Urban Forest Acoustics[M]. Berlin: Springer, 2006,35-36.
[15] Schreiber W F. Fundamentals of electronic imaging systems:some aspects of image processing[M]. New York: Springer, 1993, 60-70.
[16] Fairchild M D. Color Appearance Models[M]. JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC, 2013,19-25.
[17] 兰思仁. 国家森林公园理论与实践[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社,2004,51-53.
Lan Si-ren. Theory and practice of national Forest Park [M]. Beijing: China Forestry Press,2004,51-53.
[18] 福州市地方志编纂委员会. 福州市志[M]. 北京:方志出版社,1998. 49-55.
Local chronicles compiling commission of Fuzhou City. Local chronicles of Fuzhou [M]. Beijing: FangZhi Press, 1998. 49-55.
[19] 章俊华. 规划设计学中的调查分析法与实践[M]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005,237.
Zhang Jun-hua. Research and practice of planning and design [M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press,2005,237.
[20] Yamada Y, Nilsson K. Soundscape-based forest planning for recreational the rapeutic activities[J]. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2006,5(5):131-139.
[21] Gygi B, Kidd GR, Watson CS. Similarity and categorization of environmental sounds[J]. Percept & Psychophys, 2007,69(6):839–855.
[22] 范蓉平,孟光,孙旭,等. 基于心理声学响度分析的高速列车车内噪声评价[J]. 振动与冲击,2005,24(5):49-51.
Fan Rong-pin, Meng Guang, Sun Xu, et al. Interior noise evaluation for high speed traveling train based on psychoacoustial loudness analysis [J]. Journal of vibration and shock, 2005,24(5):49-51.
[23] 洪昕晨, 林洲瑜, 池梦薇,等. 基于层次分析法的森林公园风声景评价研究[J]. 噪声与振动控制,2017,37(2):127-130.
Hong Xin-chen, Lin Zhou-yu,Chi Meng-wei,et al. AHP Based Evaluation of Wind Soundscape in Forest Park [J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2017,37(2):127-130.
[24] 朱光汉,王正玲. 传入人体的振动和环境振动的评价与标准[J]. 振动与冲击,1992,11(3):66-70.
Zhu Guang-han, Wang Zheng-lin. Evaluation and criteria for vibration and environmental vibration introduced into human body [J]. Journal of vibration and shock, 1992,11(3):66-70.
[25] 洪昕晨, 张薇, 朱里莹,等. 城市公园声景观危险度评价研究[J]. 应用声学, 2016, 35(6):539-546.
Hong Xin-chen, Zhang Wei, Zhu Li-ying, et al. Soundscape risk degree evaluation in urban park [J]. Journal of Applied Acoustics, 2016, 35(6):539-546.
