轮船-桥墩碰撞简化荷载模型

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摘要目前各国桥梁设计规范普遍将船舶撞击力处理为等效静力，忽略了冲击荷载引起的结构动力效应，为建立更加合理的实用荷载模型，本文建立了5艘轮船的有限元模型，采用正撞刚性墙模型，通过数值仿真获得了45条不同撞击速度下的撞击力时程样本。提出采用修正半波正弦函数近似描述撞击力样本过程，通过数理统计确定了模型的实用参数。最后，以一座连续梁桥为例进行了接触碰撞反应分析与撞击力时程反应分析，并将修正半波正弦荷载模型的响应求解误差分为3类，分别讨论了3种误差对结构响应误差的贡献大小。算例分析结果表明，本文建立的轮船修正半波正弦荷载模型具有良好的求解精度，具有很好的工程实用价值。

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关键词 ：船-桥碰撞, 轮船, 动力效应, 撞击力时程, 简化荷载模型

Abstract：The ship-bridge impact force in most current codes worldwide is taken as an equivalent static force to ignore dynamic effect between structures due to ship-bridge collisions. In order to establish a simplified impact load model as a better alternative of the equivalent static load, 5 finite element models of ships were built. A ship rigid wall head-on collision model was used to simulate ship-bridge collision processes. 45 impact force time history samples under different impact velocities were obtained through numerical simulation. A modified half-wave sine function model was proposed to approximately describe impact force sample processes and the model’s parameters were determined with statistical analysis. Finally, taking a continuous girder bridge as an example, the ship-bridge contact impact response analysis and the impact force time history analysis were conducted. The response-solving error of the modified half-wave sine load model was classified into three types. Then the contribution of each type error to the structural response error was estimated. The example results showed that the modified half-wave sine load model proposed here has a good solving accuracy and is valuable for practical application.

Key words： Ship-Bridge Collision Ship Dynamic Effects Impact Force Time History Simplified Impact Load Model

收稿日期: 2017-09-04 出版日期: 2019-02-28

引用本文:

宋彦臣1 王君杰1 尹海蛟2 刘慧杰1. 轮船-桥墩碰撞简化荷载模型[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(5): 60-70.
SONG Yanchen1,WANG Junjie1,YIN Haijiao2,LIU Huijie1. Simplified impact load model for ship-bridge collisions. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2019, 38(5): 60-70.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/I5/60

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