露天边坡爆破地震波能量分布特征研究

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摘要为探索爆破地震波在边坡上传播时的能量分布规律，结合露天矿爆破振动监测实例分析，利用小波变换分解及反应谱分析的方法，对不同高程的爆破振动信号在各频带间的能量分布特征进行了研究。结果表明：爆破振动信号的能量主要分布在0～64Hz，各信号的切向、垂向、径向主振频带不同，水平方向的主振频带几乎都比竖直方向的主振频带低一个频带；随着高程的增加，爆破振动信号能量主要分布频带逐渐变窄，主振频带趋向于低频带；在节理裂隙发育的岩体中，爆破地震波频率成分复杂，相对能量主要分布频带变宽，是由于裂隙发育岩体结构的多振型对其响应的结果。在既定的坡形中，边坡爆破地震波的振动速度与能量存在一定的高程放大效应，频带间能量的放大系数存在差异，主要与不同高程的信号各频带间的相对能量分布特征变化有关；不同的结构体对爆破地震波的选择放大作用不同，相同的结构体对不同传播方向的爆破地震波的选择放大作用也存有差异。

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	张声辉1
	刘连生1
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	钟清亮1
	邱金铭3
	钟文1
	2

关键词 ：爆破振动, 频带, 反应谱, 小波分析, 能量分布

Abstract：In order to explore energy distribution law of blast seismic wave propagating on pit slope,combining with an actual example analysis of blast vibration monitoring of an open pit mine,energy distribution characteristics of blast vibration signals with different altitudes within different frequency bands were studied using the wavelet decomposition and the response spectral analysis. The results indicated that blast vibration signals’ energy is mainly distributed within 0~64Hz,main vibration frequency bands in transverse,vertical and longitudinal directions of each signal are different,main vibration frequency bands in horizontal direction are almost one band lower than those in vertical direction; with increase in altitude,main distribution frequency bands of the blast vibration signals’ energy become narrower gradually,main vibration frequency bands move to lower frequency ranges; in jointed rock mass,frequency components of blast seismic wave are complex,relative energy main distribution frequency bands become wider due to the results of effects of multi-modal shape of jointed rock mass on its responses. for the given slope form,there is a certain altitude amplification effect on vibration velocity and energy of blast seismic wave,and there exist differences between energy amplification coefficients of various frequency bands,this phenomenon is related to changes of relative energy distribution features between frequency bands of signals with different elevations; different structures have different selective amplification effects on blast seismic waves,one structure also has different selective amplification effects on blast seismic waves in different propagation directions.

Key words： Blasting Vibration Frequency Band Response Spectrum Wavelet Analysis Energy Distribution

收稿日期: 2017-08-18 出版日期: 2019-03-28

引用本文:

张声辉1，刘连生1,2，钟清亮1，邱金铭3，钟文1,2. 露天边坡爆破地震波能量分布特征研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(7): 224-232.
ZHANG Shenghui1，LIU Liansheng1,2，ZHONG Qingliang1，QIU Jinming3，ZHONG Wen1,2. Energy distribution characteristics of blast seismic wave on open pit slope#br#. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2019, 38(7): 224-232.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/I7/224

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