面向车—人碰撞事故的人—地摩擦系数可靠性分析

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摘要在部分车—人碰撞事故分析中，人—地间摩擦系数常常作为定值处理，再结合现场其它参数对车—人初始接触时刻的速度进行估算。现场参数的测量常存在诸多不确定性。根据车人碰撞事故案例探讨了行人落地姿态、车辆初速度与人—地摩擦系数之间的数学关系构建方法，同时建立面向人—地摩擦系数的可靠性模型。在此基础上进一步考察了人—地摩擦系数对于事故再现结果和车速推算结果的影响，给出了一定条件下车辆初速度判定的95%置信区间。分析结果表明，人—地摩擦系数对于行人落地姿态和车辆初速度的判定影响较为显著，在交通事故再现数值计算中，提高人—地摩擦系数参数的精度将有效提高事故再现的准确性和可信度。此研究方法还可应用于更多的事故类型，为交通事故鉴定提供理论参考。

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关键词 ：行人, 事故再现, 摩擦系数, 可靠性分析, 数值仿真

Abstract：Traditionally, friction coefficient between human and ground, combining with various other parameters is considered as a constant to predict the pre-impact velocity of a car.It is impossible to accurately determine all these parameters used for simulation since there are uncertain factors at the accident scene.A method of constructing the relationship between calculation result and human-ground friction coefficient was proposed in this paper.By using the site measurement data and numerical simulation, we built a reliability analysis model related to the human-ground friction coefficient.Quantitatively analysis on the effect of reconstruction result and human-ground friction coefficient was conducted based on the above model.A 0.95 confidence interval of pre-impact velocity of car was also presented at last.Our analysis indicates that the friction coefficient between human and ground is of great significance for the estimation of the pre-impact velocity.That also reminds us reducing the error of friction coefficient measurement can help with obtaining a much more reliable result in vehicle-pedestrian contact collision accident reconstruction.

Key words： pedestrian accident reconstruction friction coefficient reliability analysis numerical simulation

收稿日期: 2017-11-30 出版日期: 2019-06-15

引用本文:

张晓云,1，杨小波1，张东明1，侯心一2. 面向车—人碰撞事故的人—地摩擦系数可靠性分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(12): 219-224.
ZHANG Xiaoyun1 YANG Xiaobo1 ZHANG Dongming1 HOU Xinyi2. Reliability analysis of human-ground friction coefficient for vehicle-pedestrian traffic accident. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2019, 38(12): 219-224.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/I12/219

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