应力卸载过程砂岩应力波传播及衰减特性试验研究

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摘要由于岩体开挖卸载和原岩应力重新分布的复杂性，围岩体通常处于复杂的应力卸载环境中。为研究应力卸载过程砂岩应力波的传播及衰减特性，设计了长径比L/D≈65的条形试件，利用动静组合加载装置进行了不同轴向卸载应力下的小扰动撞击试验，测得了不同测点处的砂岩应力波信号，研究了不同卸载应力对应力波波形、纵波波速值、波峰的时空衰减规律、波峰及波峰衰减速率等的影响，并建立了经验规律模型。研究表明：砂岩是否具有卸载应力对应力波波形具有显著影响；随应力卸载，纵波波速呈“近似线性+非线性”衰减，波峰及其衰减率均呈指数变化；随距离和时间增加，波峰均呈指数衰减，且不同应力卸载阶段波峰的时空衰减具有不同敏感性；研究结果对爆破开挖条件下深部工程岩体稳定性分析提供了重要的理论参考。

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	程昀1
	宋战平1
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	金解放3
	王军保1
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	杨腾添2
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关键词 ：应力波, 波形, 纵波波速, 波峰, 衰减特性

Abstract：Abstract:Due to the complexity of excavation and unloading of rock mass and redistribution of original rock stress, surrounding rock mass was usually in complex stress unloading environment.For the purpose of investigating the propagation and attenuation characteristics of stress wave in sandstone during stress unloading process, a strip specimen with length to diameter ratio L/D≈65 was designed, and small disturbance impact tests under different axial unloading stresses were carried out by dynamic and static combined loading test devices.The stress wave signals of sandstone were measured, and the effects of different unloading stress on wave waveform, P-wave velocity, temporal-spatial attenuation characteristics, wave peak, and attenuation rate of wave peak were studied, and the empirical models were established.The results show that whether the sandstone had unloading stress or not had significant effect on waveforms.With the stress unloading, the P-wave velocities attenuated in the form of “approximately linearly stage+nonlinear stage”, and wave peak and its attenuation rate were exponentially changed.With the increase of distance and time, the wave peaks show an exponential attenuation, and temporal-spatial attenuation of wave peaks at different unloading stress stages had different sensitivity.

Key words： stress wave waveform P-wave velocity wave peak attenuation characteristics

收稿日期: 2018-12-05 出版日期: 2020-04-15

引用本文:

程昀1，宋战平1,2，金解放3，王军保1,2，杨腾添2,4. 应力卸载过程砂岩应力波传播及衰减特性试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020, 39(8): 151-158.
CHENG Yun1,SONG Zhanping1,2,JIN Jiefang3,WANG Junbao1,2,YANG Tengtian2,4. An experimental study on stress wave propagation and attenuation of sandstone during stress unloading process. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2020, 39(8): 151-158.

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http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I8/151

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