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| Effects of changes in passenger car front styling on pedestrian lower limb injuries |
| WANG Bingyu1,2,3, LIU Tianquan1, HAN Yong1,2,3, OTTE Dietmar4, QIN Liyan1,2,3, LI Hong5 |
| 1.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China；
2.Collaborative Innovation Center for R & D of Coach and Special Vehicle, Xiamen 361024, China；
3.Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Coach, Xiamen 361024, China;
4.Accident Research Unit, Medical University of Hannover, Hannover 30625, Germany;
5.China Intelligent and Connected Vehicles (Beijing) Research Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 100029, China |
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Abstract The change in vehicle front-end shape after the publication of the EU Pedestrian Protection Directive and the effect of that change on pedestrian lower extremity injuries were investigated. For this purpose, 283 accident cases with pedestrian lower limb injuries were selected from the German In-depth Accident Study Database (GIDAS), and the accident cases were divided into two groups according to the production year of the accident sedan. Descriptive statistics were employed to get the front structure values of each accident vehicle in the two groups, and then the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to identify the front structure parameters with significant differences between the two groups. Finally, the risk curves of severe lower extremity injury and fibula/tibia fractures were established by binary logistic regression for the two groups to analyze the change of vehicle front shape and the effect on pedestrian lower extremity injury after the issuance of the Pedestrian Protection Directive. The results demonstrated that the new models had a wider front bumper with shallower bumper projection, a higher hood leading edge, and a lower height of the lower edge of the sub-bumper. At crash speeds of 0-40 km/h, for pedestrians up to 60 years of age, the protection performance of vehicles produced after the release of the EU Pedestrian Protection Directive for severe overall lower limb injuries and fibula/tibia of pedestrians has been improved compared to previous vehicles.
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Received: 21 August 2023
Published: 15 May 2024
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