减振器对井下钻具振动特性的影响分析

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振动与冲击 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (17) : 128-132.

论文

减振器对井下钻具振动特性的影响分析

祝效华胡志强

作者信息 +

The influence of shock absorber on down-hole drilling tools’ vibration characteristics

Zhu Xiao-hua Hu Zhi-qiang

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文章历史 +

摘要

针对使用减振器后，井下钻具振动并非都能得到明显减缓、因振动引起的钻具断裂事故仍时有发生的工程难题，该文基于虚功原理并利用数值模拟技术，结合牙轮钻头在破岩过程中的力学性能和运动规律，系统地分析了减振器对井下钻具纵向和扭转振动特性的影响。通过分析获得了纵向减振器特征参数（刚度、安装位置和阻尼）对井下钻具纵向振动的影响规律；给出了不同刚度纵向减振器的最优阻尼取值范围；发现纵向减振器对井下钻具的扭转振动和纵向振动具有相似的影响，扭转减振器在减缓上部钻杆振动的同时加剧钻头扭转振动；指出在确定减振器最优特征参数时，应在考虑转速的基础上增加对钻杆和钻头振动特性的关注。本文研究工作为减振器的现场使用和优化设计提供了重要的科学依据。

Abstract

Down-hole drilling tools’ vibration is not surely reduced significantly and fracture accidents still occur occasionally after the use of shock absorber. Based on the virtual work principle and numerical simulation method, and then, according to kinematics law and mechanical property of the roller cone bit, the influence of shock absorber on down-hole drilling tools’ vibration characteristics is analyzed. Firstly, the law of influence of longitudinal shock absorber’s characteristic parameters (stiffness, installation site and damping) on down-hole drilling tools’ axial vibration is obtained; then, the optimum damping of the longitudinal shock absorber with different stiffness is provided; and also, the fact that longitudinal shock absorber has the same effects on torsion vibration as on axial vibration, while torsion shock absorber intensifies the bit vibration is discovered; finally, the suggestion that the vibrations of drilling string and bit should be considered as the rotary speed in the selections of shock absorber’s optimum characteristic parameters is given. The research provides the scientific basic for the use and optimization of shock absorber.

导出引用

祝效华胡志强. 减振器对井下钻具振动特性的影响分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(17): 128-132

Zhu Xiao-hua Hu Zhi-qiang. The influence of shock absorber on down-hole drilling tools’ vibration characteristics[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(17): 128-132