Based on the background of Heritage Impact Assessment project in the range of Humen Fort related areas, a whole process of research of performance-based analysis, measurement and anti-vibration measures to the vibration safety of ancient structure in road planning stage is studied in this paper. The vibration of the related soil layers and ancient structure under heavy vehicles excited is measured, and the key technical parameters of finite element model (FEM) combine with” vehicle, road structure, related site’s soil layers and ancient structure” are calibrated by the measurement results. And then, the key parameters of vehicle axle load, vehicle speed, multi-vehicle effect and isolation trench dimensions are researched on by the calibrated FEM, and the vibration response of ancient structure is also obtained in the FEM. The performance-based indexes are accepted to evaluate the vibration safety of ancient structure, and the reasonable anti-vibration measures are proposed according to the finite element analysis results. The measurement and analysis show that, the proposed whole process performance-based analysis method combined measurement with analysis can be used for transportation planning and conservation research, and spacing 50m away from the road can guarantee vibration safety of ancient structure in this project.