基于刚性模型的高频天平测力风洞试验，对一外附网架的超高层建筑的基底弯矩和扭矩特性进行了分析，详细讨论了复杂的周边建筑环境和外附网架对近似椭圆形截面目标建筑的整体气动力特性的影响。研究结果表明，复杂周边建筑对目标建筑的气动力均值的影响主要表现为遮挡效应，但在一定条件下可能放大目标建筑所受到的脉动气动力；建筑两侧面绕流区的外附网架所受切向气动力使建筑顺风向气动力均值及脉动值增大，增大的程度与阻挡气流绕流的外附网架面积大小相关；外附网架对建筑表面粗糙度的改变使建筑两侧气流的旋涡脱落强度削弱，导致横风向脉动气动力减小，但对横风向脉动气动力均值没有影响；周期性旋涡脱落引起的外附网架上的脉动风力将部分抵消主体结构上的涡激力脉动导致的结构气动扭矩脉动值，对气动扭矩均值没有明显影响。这些结论为高层建筑的设计提供了参考。
Abstract
With high frequency force balance (HFFB) technique, the rigid model of an actual grids-attached super-tall building with an approximate ellipse cross section was tested to obtain the effect of complex surrounding and attached grids on its base moments and torques. The results indicate that complex surroundings mainly have sheltering effect on mean value of aerodynamic force for the principle building; however it may increase fluctuating aerodynamic force for the principle building under some particular conditions. The tangential aerodynamic force on grids located in flow region of two sides of the principle building increases mean value and RMS of aerodynamic force in along-wind direction, and the increasing magnitude is determined by the area of the attached grids obstructing the flow. Moreover, the transformation in roughness induced by attached grids of the principle building would reduce vortex shedding strength, decreasing fluctuating aerodynamic force in cross-wind direction, and not affect RMS of fluctuating aerodynamic force. The fluctuating wind force on attached grids induced by periodic vortex shedding would partly offset fluctuating aerodynamic torque on main structure induced by fluctuating vortex-induced force, and not affect mean value of aerodynamic torque. These conclusions provide reference for the design of high-rise buildings.
关键词
超高层建筑 /
外附网架 /
复杂周边
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Key words
Key words: super-tall building /
attached grids /
complex surroundings
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