海底盾构隧道结构端部效应及抗减震措施研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (16) : 33-42.

论文

赵凯1,2，卢艺静2，王彦臻2，李兆焱1，陈国兴2

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Investigations on the spatial end effect of a subsea shield tunnel and the aseismic measures

ZHAO Kai1,2，LU Yijing2，WANG Yanzhen2，LI Zhaoyan1，CHEN Guoxing2

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文章历史 +

摘要

海底盾构隧道-竖井连接部位的刚度突变会使隧道结构受到差异位移的作用，形成复杂的空间效应，即隧道结构的端部效应。考虑海床土体的动力非线性特性、盾构隧道管环间纵向螺栓连接以及盾构隧道–竖井柔性接头等因素，建立了苏埃海底隧道工程盾构隧道–竖井连接区段三维精细化有限元模型，研究了海底盾构隧道结构端部效应及抗减震措施。结果表明：地震作用下盾构隧道–竖井节点环缝张开量约为常规隧道段的2 ~ 5倍，端部效应影响范围约为1.5D（D为隧道直径），隧道结构端部效应随地震动强度的增大而呈非线性增大趋势，低频发育的Darfield波作用比中高频发育的Iwate波作用时引起更大的环缝张开量。盾构隧道端部效应影响范围与盾构隧道–竖井节点自身结构特性相关，受地震波类型及幅值影响较小。增加盾构隧道–竖井节点环缝连接螺栓数量可以有效降低盾构隧道端部环缝张开量，却加剧竖井端墙和盾构隧道结构的地震损伤。增设盾构隧道–竖井柔性连接可将地震波传播引起的结构变形诱导至预设的柔性接头上，减轻盾构隧道端部地震损伤的同时牺牲的是柔性接头处抗震安全性，柔性接头设计应能满足预期的地震变形要求。
关键词：海底盾构隧道；隧道–竖井节点；端部效应；抗减震措施；地震响应

Abstract

The abrupt stiffness change of the undersea shield tunnel-shaft junction generally results in the differential displacement influencing the tunnel structure, which forms a complex spatial effect, namely the end effect of the tunnel structure. Considering the dynamic nonlinear characteristics of seabed soil, the longitudinal bolt joints between the ring segment and the flexible joints of tunnel-shaft junction, a three-dimensional fine finite element model of the shield tunnel-shaft junction of the Su'ai undersea tunnel is established to study the end effects and anti-seismic measures of the undersea shield tunnel. Results show that under the seismic action, the opening widths between the ring segments of the junction are about 2 ~ 5 times of conventional shield tunnels, the affected range of the end effect is confined to about 1.5D (D is the tunnel diameter), and the end effect of the tunnel structure increases nonlinearly with the increase of the vibration intensity. The Darfield wave with rich low frequency effect leads to larger opening widths than the Iwate wave with rich high frequency. The influencing area of the end effect depends largely on the structural characteristics of the junction，and is less affected by the type and amplitude of seismic waves. Increasing the number of bolt joints of the shield tunnel-shaft junction can effectively reduce the opening widths at the end of shield tunnel, however the extent of seismic damage generated in the shaft end wall and shield tunnel structure will accordingly be aggravated. By adding the flexible connection between the shield tunnel and the shaft，the structural deformation caused by seismic wave propagation can be transferred to the preset flexible connection, which reduces the seismic damage at the end of the shield tunnel while sacrificing the seismic safety of the flexible connection. Accordingly, the flexible connection can be designed to meet the expected seismic deformation requirements.
Key words: subsea shield tunnel; tunnel-shaft junction; spatial end effect; aseismic measures; seismic response

导出引用

赵凯1,2，卢艺静2，王彦臻2，李兆焱1，陈国兴2. 海底盾构隧道结构端部效应及抗减震措施研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(16): 33-42

ZHAO Kai1,2，LU Yijing2，WANG Yanzhen2，LI Zhaoyan1，CHEN Guoxing2. Investigations on the spatial end effect of a subsea shield tunnel and the aseismic measures[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(16): 33-42

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