基于磨料动能和浓度的后混合磨料水射流全局模拟研究

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7) : 76-85.

振动理论与交叉研究

基于磨料动能和浓度的后混合磨料水射流全局模拟研究

李震1，李斌*1，王广2，乔志忠1，孙恒阳1，雷曌1

作者信息 +

Global simulation of post-mixed abrasive water jet based on abrasive kinetic energy and concentration

LI Zhen1, LI Bin*1, WANG Guang2, QIAO Zhizhong1, SUN Hengyang1, LEI Zhao1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

通过SPH-DEM-FEM耦合算法建立了后混合磨料水射流混合加速到切削工件的全局模拟模型。研究采用磨料动能和磨料浓度作为中介变量，分析了AWJ参数对切削深度、混砂管应力以及能量转换率的影响。实验设计涵盖了不同横移速度和磨料流量条件下的切削深度数据，以验证模型的可靠性。结果表明：混合流动过程可以划分为四个阶段；在稳定阶段，水流速度呈现特定的变化趋势，而磨料表现出两种加速规律，水和磨料颗粒从混砂管喷出时速度基本一致。混砂管应力主要集中在过渡段和出口处；在相同粒径条件下，切削深度和出口应力与磨料动能呈非线性正相关；在相同磨料注射角和磨料密度条件下，过渡段应力受磨料浓度和动能的复合影响。此外，研究还确定了使工件切削深度最大化的最优磨料流量、粒径和密度，并对其相关性进行了分析；同时发现，磨料注射角度为90°，混砂管收敛角为20°能够有效减少过渡段应力，同时保证磨料动能不受影响。研究结果为磨料水射流参数优化提供了一定理论支持。

Abstract

A global simulation model of post-mixed abrasive water jet mixing accelerated to the cutting workpiece was developed by the coupled SPH-DEM-FEM algorithm. The study analyzed the effects of AWJ parameters on depth of cut, mixing tube stress, and energy conversion rate using abrasive kinetic energy and abrasive concentration as mediating variables. The experimental design covers the depth of cut data under different traverse speed and abrasive flow conditions to verify the reliability of the model. The results show that the mixing flow process can be divided into four stages; in the stabilization stage, the water flow velocity shows a specific trend, while the abrasive exhibits two acceleration patterns, and the water and abrasive particles are basically of the same velocity when they are ejected from the mixing tube. The stresses of the mixing tube were mainly concentrated in the transition section and the exit; under the condition of the same grain size, the depth of cut and the exit stress were nonlinearly and positively correlated with the kinetic energy of the abrasive; under the condition of the same angle of injection of the abrasive and the density of the abrasive, the stresses in the transition section were affected by the composite effect of the abrasive concentration and the kinetic energy. In addition, the optimal abrasive flow rate, grain size and density to maximize the cutting depth of the workpiece were determined and their correlations were analyzed. It was also found that an abrasive injection angle of 90° and a mixing tube convergence angle of 20° could effectively reduce the transition stresses while ensuring that the kinetic energy of the abrasive was not affected. The results provide some theoretical support for the optimization of abrasive water jet parameters.

导出引用

李震1, 李斌1, 王广2, 乔志忠1, 孙恒阳1, 雷曌1. 基于磨料动能和浓度的后混合磨料水射流全局模拟研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(7): 76-85

LI Zhen1, LI Bin1, WANG Guang2, QIAO Zhizhong1, SUN Hengyang1, LEI Zhao1. Global simulation of post-mixed abrasive water jet based on abrasive kinetic energy and concentration[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(7): 76-85

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