新型三角形结构电磁式振动能量采集器的设计与分析

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摘要从环境普遍存在的振动中采集能量是目前研究的重点和热点。本文提出了一种基于三角形位移放大结构的电磁式振动能量采集器，通过杠杆结构放大磁铁和线圈之间的相对位移，提高振动能量转换效果。通过杠杠末端设置弹簧，形成三自由度非线性动力系统，拓宽了系统的采集器频带。利用龙格库塔方法，数值分析了系统的动力学响应，结果表明所设计的采集器具有两个能量采集频段，其中一个覆盖5-10 Hz以下的低频范围，另一个覆盖20-45Hz频段。通过分析不同采集器设计参数对振动能量采集效果的影响，发现增加杠杆结构的装配角、下部滑块质量以及弹簧刚度有利于低频范围的能量采集，而减小装配角和滑块质量则能够提高第二个采集频段的输出电压。通过构造等效的线性振动能量采集器进行对比发现，得益于杠杠的位移放大作用，相同激励下三角形振动能量采集器的最大输出电压是对比线性竖直振动能量采集系统的1.76倍，这些特性使这种新型采集器能够针对低频、宽域的环境振动取得良好的能量采集效果。

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	陈春明1
	袁天辰2
	陈立群1
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关键词 ：环境振动, 能量采集, 电磁感应, 非线性

Abstract：The energy harvesting from vibrations that are ubiquitous in the environment is the focus and hotspot of current research. In this paper, an electromagnetic vibrational energy harvester based on a triangular displacement amplification structure is proposed, which amplifies the relative displacement between the magnet and the coil through the lever structure and improves the effect of vibration energy conversion. Springs are set at the ends of the levers to form a three-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic system, which broadens the frequency band of the system's collector. Using the Runge-Kutta method, the dynamic response of the system is numerically analyzed. The results show that the designed system has two energy harvesting frequency bands, one of which covers the low frequency range below 5-10 Hz, and the other covers the 20-45 Hz frequency band. By analyzing the influence of different design parameters on the vibration energy harvesting effect, it is found that increasing the assembly angle of the lever structure, the mass of the lower slider and the spring stiffness is beneficial to energy harvesting in the low frequency range, while reducing the assembly angle and slider quality can improve the output voltage of the second acquisition frequency band. Comparing the designed system and the equivalent linear vibration energy harvester, it is found that thanks to the displacement amplification effect of the levers, the maximum output voltage of the triangular vibration energy harvester under the same excitation is 1.76 times that of the linear vertical vibration energy harvesting system. These characteristics make this new type of harvester can achieve good energy harvesting effects for low-frequency and wide-range environmental vibrations.

Key words： Environmental vibration Energy harvesting Electromagnetic induction Nonlinear

收稿日期: 2020-07-29 出版日期: 2021-11-28

引用本文:

陈春明1，袁天辰2，陈立群1,3,4. 新型三角形结构电磁式振动能量采集器的设计与分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(22): 52-59.
CHEN Chunming1，YUAN Tianchen2，CHEN Liqun1,3,4. Design and analysis of a novel electromagnetic vibrational energy harvester with triangular structure. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2021, 40(22): 52-59.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I22/52

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