叶片吸力面不同结构对离心泵空化初生的影响

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摘要空化的发生会影响离心泵的稳定运行，为了抑制空化的发生，以一台低比转速离心泵为研究对象进行了非定常数值模拟。通过在离心泵叶片吸力面前缘处布置凹槽、横向障碍物及不连续障碍物三种不同结构，分析这三种结构对离心泵空化初生性能的影响。结果表明：布置三种结构后对离心泵扬程和效率影响较小，在设计工况点，布置凹槽后扬程下降1.7%，效率增大2.4%，布置横向障碍物和不连续障碍物后扬程分别增大2.2%、1.6%，效率分别下降2.6%、2.3%；在空化初生阶段，布置三种结构后均能诱发叶轮进口处相对高压区的形成，很大程度的减少叶轮内空泡体积，很好的抑制空泡的产生，其中布置横向障碍物对叶轮空化抑制效果最好。

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	赵伟国1
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	亢艳东1
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	李清华1
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	薛子阳1
	2

关键词 ：离心泵, 非定常数值模拟, 凹槽, 横向障碍物, 不连续障碍物, 空化抑制

Abstract：The occurrence of cavitation will affect the stable operation of the centrifugal pump. In order to suppress the occurrence of cavitation, a low specific speed centrifugal pump is used as the research object to carry out a non-constant value simulation. By arranging groove, transverse obstacle and discontinuous obstacle at the leading edge of the suction surface of the centrifugal pump blades, the influence of these three structures on the initial cavitation performance of the centrifugal pump was analyzed. The results show that the arrangement of the three structures has little effect on the head and efficiency of the centrifugal pump. Under the design conditions, after arranging the groove, the head drops by 1.7% and the efficiency increases by 2.4%. After the transverse obstacle and discontinuous obstacle are arranged, the head increases by 2.2% and 1.6%, and the efficiency drops by 2.6% and 2.3% respectively. In the initial stage of cavitation, after the three structures are arranged, it can induce the formation of a relatively high pressure area at the entrance of the impeller, greatly reduce the volume of cavity in the impeller, and inhibit the generation of cavitation. Among them, transverse obstacle has the best effect on suppressing cavitation of the impeller.

Key words： centrifugal pump unsteady numerical simulation groove transverse obstacle discontinuous obstacle cavitation suppression

收稿日期: 2020-12-04 出版日期: 2022-04-15

引用本文:

赵伟国1,2，亢艳东1,2，李清华1,2，薛子阳1,2. 叶片吸力面不同结构对离心泵空化初生的影响[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(7): 23-30.
ZHAO Weiguo1,2, KANG Yandong1,2, LI Qinghua1,2, XUE Ziyang1,2. Effects of different structures of blade suction surface on cavitation initiation of centrifugal pump. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(7): 23-30.

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http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I7/23

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