分段式叶片质量分布对风轮轴向窜动和陀螺效应的影响

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摘要为探究水平轴风力机分段式叶片质量合理化分布方案，优化叶片结构动力学性能，本文重点研究分段式叶片质量分布方式对风轮轴向窜动和陀螺效应的影响。利用单向流固耦合技术、湍流模型SST方程数值模拟方法及内蒙古工业大学风能太阳能利用技术教育部重点实验室检测设备，考究两段式叶片、三段式叶片的8种质量分布对上述两类振动的影响。结果表明：叶尖质量为60%时对轴向窜动位移影响达15.38%，塔架位移影响范围扩大，加剧叶根和发电机主轴疲劳损伤。叶中质量为60%时对轴向窜动位移影响较小约3.45%；高速旋转的风轮动量矩不断改变方向易在叶根处产生回转式剪切应力，三叶片在同一时刻气动载荷的不对称、质量分布的不均匀使切向力时刻变化，叶尖质量为60%时对陀螺效应振动频率影响达33.50%以上；降低轴向窜动最佳选择为质量分布6方案，降低陀螺效应频率最佳选择为质量分布1方案，同时考虑轴向窜动和陀螺效应最佳选择为质量分布5方案。本文结果为降低风轮轴向窜动和陀螺效应提供可行方案，为优化分段式叶片质量分布提供数据支撑。

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	李治国1
	2
	郝波1
	刘乐1
	高志鹰2
	3
	汪建文2
	3

关键词 ：分段式叶片, 质量分布, 轴向窜动, 陀螺效应

Abstract：To explore the reasonable mass distribution scheme of segmented blades of horizontal axis wind turbine and optimize the dynamic performance of blade structure, this paper focus on the influence of mass distribution of segmented blades on the axial movement and gyroscopic effect of the rotor. For two and three segmented blades with eight kinds of mass distribution, two kinds of typical vibration are through investigated using the unidirectional fluid-solid coupling technology, numerical simulation method of turbulence model SST equation and experiment equipment in the Key Laboratory of Wind Energy and Solar Energy Utilization Technology at Inner Mongolia University of Technology. It is found that when mass of blade tip is 60%, the influence of axial movement is 15.38% and range of tower displacement is expanded, which causes the fatigue damage of blade root and generator shaft. When mass of blade middle parts is 60%, it has little effect on the axial movement about 3.45%.The momentum moment of high-speed rotor changing direction continuously is easy to produce rotary shear stress. The tangential force is always changing due to the asymmetric aerodynamic load and different mass distribution of three blades. When mass of blade tip is 60%, the influence on gyroscopic effect is over 33.50%.The best choice for reducing axial movement is scheme 6, the best choice for reducing gyroscopic effect frequency is scheme1, and the best choice for considering both axial movement and gyroscopic effect is scheme 5.The results of this paper provide a feasible scheme to reduce the axial movement and gyroscopic effect of the rotor and provide data support for optimizing mass distribution of segmented blades.

Key words： Segmented blades Mass distribution Axial movement Gyroscopic effect

收稿日期: 2021-04-13 出版日期: 2022-04-15

引用本文:

李治国1,2，郝波1，刘乐1，高志鹰2,3，汪建文2,3. 分段式叶片质量分布对风轮轴向窜动和陀螺效应的影响[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(7): 193-198.
LI Zhiguo1,2, HAO Bo1, LIU Le1, GAO Zhiying2,3, WANG Jianwen2,3. Effects of segmented blade mass distribution on axial movement and gyroscopic effect of wind wheel. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(7): 193-198.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I7/193

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