提升小波分形策略在电机轴承电蚀故障特征提取中的应用

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摘要电蚀是感应电机轴承服役过程中常见的物理现象。电蚀现象的发生使得电机轴承表面更容易发生点蚀剥落等局部损伤。本文提出提升小波分形策略，用于从多成分耦合的振动信号中提取反映轴承故障的冲击性故障特征。该策略通过对经典冗余提升小波包分解产生的相邻子空间进行后处理，生成新的隐小波包尺度，可有效弥补二进小波包分析方法对过渡带区间特征提取能力的不足。通过隐小波包子空间的中心嵌套集合实现了振动信号的中心极化多分辨分析。该方法还能继承冗余提升小波包分解的诸多优良特性（如精确线性相位及平移不变性等），从而进一步增强了振动信号中非平稳冲击特征的分析提取能力。将提出的方法应用于某型号平整机的感应电机轴承振动信号分析，在某个由提升小波分形策略生成的隐小波包子空间中提取了表征轴承机械故障的周期性冲击特征，经停机检修验证该故障特征是由轴承中已经存在的电蚀故障所引发。将所提出方法的特征提取效果与基于双树复小波等的主流分析方法进行对比，验证了提升小波分形策略具有更加全面的轴承故障特征分析能力。
关键词：感应电机；滚动轴承；电蚀；提升策略；隐小波包尺度

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	陈彬强1
	卿涛1
	曹新城1
	贺王鹏2
	曾念寅1

关键词 ：感应电机, 滚动轴承, 电蚀, 提升策略, 隐小波包尺度

Abstract：Electrolytic corrosion is a common physical phenomenon in service duration of roller bearing in an induction motor, which makes the surfaces of the bearing more vulnerable to localized mechanical damage. In order to enhance effectiveness of fault detection based on vibration measurement, a novel fractal lifting scheme (FLS) is proposed for signal decomposition. Implicit wavelet packets, generated by combination of neighboring wavelet packets, can address the problem of insufficient detection ability of classic dyadic discrete wavelet transform in transition band feature extraction, thus enhance the effectiveness of nonstationary transient component extraction. Mathematically we show that sets composed of implicit wavelet packets can be used to construct fractal geometry in the frequency-scale plane. A novel fault feature extraction method is proposed based on the combination of FLS and kurtosis. This method is applied to vibration signal analysis of a roller bearing in a high power induction motor installed on a leveling machine. Periodic impulses, induced by mechanical damage on the bearing, were successfully extracted in an ensemble wavelet packet generated by the fractal lifting scheme. Thus the electrolytic fault causing the mechanical damage was identified in a shutdown maintenance. The processing results by the proposed method are compared with some other mainstream methods to show its enhanced performance in fault feature isolation.
Key words: Induction motor; rolling bearing; electrolytic corrosion; lifting scheme; ensemble wavelet packet

Key words： Induction motor rolling bearing electrolytic corrosion lifting scheme ensemble wavelet packet

收稿日期: 2021-03-29 出版日期: 2022-10-15

引用本文:

陈彬强1，卿涛1，曹新城1，贺王鹏2，曾念寅1. 提升小波分形策略在电机轴承电蚀故障特征提取中的应用[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(19): 223-230.
CHEN Binqiang1, QING Tao1, CAO Xincheng1, HE Wangpeng2, ZENG Nianyin1. Application of lifting wavelet fractal strategy in feature extraction of motor bearing electrolytic corrosion fault. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2022, 41(19): 223-230.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I19/223

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