基于构架状态测量的轨道车辆车体横向振动估计

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摘要针对轨道车辆实际线路运行中振动状态的测量问题，提出了一种根据滑模理论算法设计的滑模观测器，利用可测振动数据对车辆振动状态实时估计的方法。建立简化轨道车辆横向动力学模型，基于该简化横向模型设计出具有鲁棒性的滑模观测器，通过实时测量构架的横移速度及摇头角速度，估计其横向振动位移以及车体横向振动状态。为了验证该观测器的有效性，利用SIMPACK动力学软件建立具有54自由度的某型国内高速列车整车仿真模型，通过动力学计算对其实际运行过程进行仿真，利用该方法得到的车体振动状态估计值与仿真结果进行对比。结果表明直线工况下车体的横向振动速度和位移通过观测器估计精度较高，而曲线上车体横向振动速度精度能满足要求，研究表明了所提出的滑模观测器的科学性与可行性。

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	王道忠
	李广
	宋亚东
	姚远

关键词 ：轨道车辆, 车辆动力学, 滑模观测器, 状态估计, 动力响应

Abstract：In view of the measurement problem of vibration states of rail vehicles, a sliding mode observer designed according to the sliding mode theory algorithm was proposed, which uses measurable vibration data to estimate the vehicle vibration state. By establishing the simplified lateral dynamic model of rail vehicles, a robust sliding mode observer was designed based on the simplified lateral model. Real-time measuring the lateral velocity and yaw angular velocity of the frame was used to estimate lateral vibration displacements of it as well as lateral vibration states of the carbody. In order to verify the effectiveness of the observer, the SIMPACK dynamics software was used to establish a 54 DOF simulation model of a certain type of domestic high-speed train. The actual operation process was simulated by dynamic calculation, and the estimated value of carbody vibration states obtained by the method was compared with the simulation result. The results show that the lateral vibration velocity and displacement of the carbody can be estimated accurately during straight-line condition, while the lateral vibration velocity accuracy of the carbody on the curve can meet the requirements, which demostrates the scientificity and feasibility of the proposed sliding mode observer.

Key words： rail vehicle vehicle dynamics sliding mode observer state estimation dynamic response

收稿日期: 2022-01-10 出版日期: 2023-04-15

引用本文:

王道忠，李广，宋亚东，姚远. 基于构架状态测量的轨道车辆车体横向振动估计[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(7): 162-169.
WANG Daozhong, LI Guang, SONG Yadong, YAO Yuan. Estimation of lateral vibration of rail vehicle body based on frame state measurement. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2023, 42(7): 162-169.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I7/162

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