脉动水力压裂过程中煤层应力扰动特征的数值模拟分析

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摘要煤层脉动水力压裂是在煤层常规水力压裂与脉动注水基础上提出的一项新技术，但目前针对脉动压裂过程中地应力扰动特点的研究尚不充分。基于连续介质力学，采用交错网格有限差分，建立了脉动载荷下地应力响应数值模型，研究了脉动压裂过程中地层扰动应力的分布、有效扰动范围及不同地层力学参数对应力扰动的影响，发现脉动压裂引起的应力扰动具有以下特征：波及范围广、区域性应力集中，可产生会聚效应；可引起切应力使煤层产生拉伸损伤，形成远大于准静态压裂的有效应力扰动区；可利用煤岩的强压缩性产生更大范围的应力扰动与损伤区，提升压裂效果。本文成果可望为煤层脉动水力压裂增产机理研究提供参考和依据。

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	陆沛青
	李根生
	黄中伟
	田守嶒
	沈忠厚
	李小江

关键词 ：煤岩, 脉动水力压裂, 交错网格有限差分, 应力响应模型, 应力扰动特征

Abstract：The pulsating hydro-fracturing (PHF) of coal beds is a technology based on conventional hydraulic fracturing and pulsating injection. But currently, the study of the features of stress disturbance caused by PHF is still not sufficient. Based on the continuum mechanics, this paper presents a stress-response numerical model to simulate the formation stress disturbance during PHF by applying the schemes of staggered-grid finite difference.
We investigated the stress distribution, the effective stress disturbance zone, and the influence of different formation mechanic parameters on stress distribution during PHF, and found several unique behaviors. First, the stress disturbance caused by PHF is characterized as an extensively affected scope and regional stress concentration, which will generate the focusing effect. Second, the shear stress will be generated to cause tensile damage of coal rock during PHF, which can form a much larger effective stress disturbance zone than what the quasi-static fracturing forms. Third, compressibility can be used to create a larger effective stress disturbance and damage zone, which will promote the PHF effect. These research results will provide guidance for the study of stimulation mechanics on PHF in coal seam.

Key words： Coal beds Pulsating hydro-fracturing Staggered-grid finite difference Stress-response numerical model Stress disturbance features

收稿日期: 2014-07-14 出版日期: 2015-11-15

引用本文:

陆沛青,李根生，黄中伟，田守嶒，沈忠厚，李小江. 脉动水力压裂过程中煤层应力扰动特征的数值模拟分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 34(21): 210-216.
Peiqing Lu, Gensheng Li, Zhongwei Huang, Shouceng Tian, Zhonghou Shen，LI Xiaojiang. Numerical Simulation and Analysis of the features of Stress Disturbance during Pulsating Hydro-Fracturing. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2015, 34(21): 210-216.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2015/V34/I21/210

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