含大块石泥石流冲击作用下混凝土拦挡坝的动力学行为研究

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摘要针对含大块石泥石流冲击混凝土拦挡坝的动力学问题，基于已有的SPH-FEM耦合数值方法，考虑了大块石-泥石流浆体-拦挡坝的相互动态作用，建立了一个三维耦合数值模型。分别分析了泥石流的冲击被拦挡过程、冲击力时程、坝体关键点位移时程、坝体破坏等动力学行为、块石形状对冲击力影响。并根据坝体破坏机理，结合工程实践，分析了减小迎坡比、增设防撞墩和增加缓冲层三种防撞优化对策。计算结果表明：SPH-FEM耦合数值方法形象再现了泥石流冲击过程中的冲击、爬高、回淤现象；大块石的集中作用易造成坝体冲击处局部破坏；从冲击力减小幅度和拦挡坝破坏程度综合分析，带缓冲层拦挡坝防撞性能最优。数值分析结果对含大块石泥石流冲击拦挡坝的动力学行为研究及防撞设计具有一定的参考价值。

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关键词 ： SPH-FEM耦合, 含大块石泥石流, 动力学行为, 数值计算, 混凝土拦挡坝

Abstract：Aiming at the dynamic problem of a concrete dam impacted by debris flows with rock, based on the existing coupled SPH-FEM method, considering the coupled dynamic behaviors between rock-slurry-dam, a three-dimensional coupled numerical model was established.The dynamic behaviors of debris flows with rock including the impact process, impact force time-history, key point displacement time-history and dam damage were analyzed respectively.According to the damage mechanism of the dam and the engineering practice, three optimized anti-collision countermeasures, i.e., reducing the slope ratio, adding anti-collision piers and adding the buffer layer were analyzed.The results show that the coupled SPH-FEM method can reproduce the impact, climb and back-silting phenomena; the concentrated load of rock can easily cause the local damage of the dam;based on the comprehensive analysis of the decrease extent of impact force and the damage condition of the dam, the anti-collision ability of the dam with the buffer layer is optimal.The results obtained from the study are useful for the facilitating design of dam against debris flows with rock.

Key words： coupled SPH-FEM method debris flows with rock dynamic behavior numerical simulation concrete dam

收稿日期: 2018-09-20 出版日期: 2019-07-15

引用本文:

柳春1，余志祥1,2，赵世春1,2. 含大块石泥石流冲击作用下混凝土拦挡坝的动力学行为研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(14): 161-168.
LIU Chun1,YU Zhixiang1,2,LUO Liru1,GU Song3,ZHAO Shichun1,2. Dynamic behavior of a concrete dam impacted by debris flows with rock. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2019, 38(14): 161-168.

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http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/I14/161

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