Damage assessment of a buried CFRP petroleum pipeline subjected to blast loading
CUI Ying1,2，ZHAO Junhai3，QU Zhan1,2，FANG Jun1,2
1.Department of Civil Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China;
2.The Key Laboratory of Well Stability and Fluid & Rock Mechanics in Oil and Gas Reservoir of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710065, China;
3.School of Civil Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710061, China
Abstract：With buried explosion experiment, the anti-explosion performance of buried steel petroleum pipeline with Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) reinforcement was researched thoroughly. Furthermore, with the experimental data and numerical simulation, the damage assessment criterion of buried steel petroleum pipeline with CFRP reinforcement was established. The results show that under the condition of scale distance of 0.19m/kg1/3 and shallow buried blast loading exerted on, there were obvious dent deformations on the surface facing the explosive of the normal buried pipeline and the CFRP buried pipeline both, and the dent deformation values of the CFRP pipeline decreased 38.2% compared with the normal buried pipeline. And, it was venerable to have damage on the buried pipeline surface facing explosive and joint ends of the two specimens. As to the overpressure of buried pipeline surface facing explosive, the values of the normal buried pipeline was higher than that of the CFRP pipeline, which also proved that the CFRP sheets could decrease the value of overpressure of buried pipeline surface facing explosive effectively. As to the lasting time of positive pressure, it was similar between the normal buried pipeline and the CFRP buried pipeline, which also proved that the CFRP sheets had little effect on the lasting time of positive pressure of the two experimental specimens. Finally, considering the dent depth and dent length of the buried steel pipeline with CFRP reinforcement surface simultaneously, with the fixed end constraints, the damage assessment formula based on a new critical ratio between the dent depth and dent length was established according to pressure and impulse (P-I) damage assessment theory.
[1] D. Ambrosini, B. Luccioni. Effects of underground explosions on soil and structures[J]. Underground Space, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2019.09.002.
[2] M. Mokhtari, A. AlaviNia. The application of CFRP to strengthen buried steel pipelines against subsurface explosion[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2016, 87(5): 52-62.
[3] 张敏，朱礼斌，朱波，等. 碳纤维及其复合材料在油气田领域的应用及展望[J]. 高科技纤维与应用，2017，42(3)：1-6.
Zhang Min, Zhu Libin, Zhu Bo, et al. Current application and prospect of carbon fibre and its composites in oil-gas field[J]. Hi-tech Fibre and Application, 2017,42(3): 1-6. (in Chinese)
[4] A. A. Mutalib, H. M. Mohamed, Hong Hao. Effect of CFRP strengthening properties with anchoring systems on P-I diagrams of RC panels under blast loads[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 200: 648-663.
[5] X. Q. Kong, Q. Zhao, Y. D. Qu, et al. Blast response of cracked reinforced concrete slabs repaired with CFRP composite patch[J]. Journal of Civil Engineering, 2018, 22(4): 1214-1224.
[6] R. S. B. Rathod, M. D. Goel, T. Chakraborty, et al. Experimental and numerical investigations on dynamic behavior of CFRP laminates[J]. SN Applied Sciences, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-0732-9.
[7] H. H. Wang, H. L. Chen, Y. Z. Zhou, et al. Blast responses and damage evaluation of CFRP tubular arches[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 196: 233-244.
[8] B. Wang, P. Wang, Y. S. Chen, et al. Blast responses of CFRP strengthened autoclaved aerated cellular concrete panels[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 157: 226-236.
[9] 陈锐林，李康，董琪，等. CFRP加固钢筋混凝土板爆炸冲击作用下动力响应分析的数值模拟[J]. 铁道科学与工程学报，2020，17(6)：1517-1527.
R. L. Chen, K. Li, Q. Dong et al. Numerical simulation of dynamic response analysis of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with CFRP under blast load[J]. Journal of Railway Science and Engineering, 2020, 17(6): 1517-1527. (in Chinese)
[10] 郭樟根，曹双寅，王安宝，等. 化爆作用下FRP加固RC板的试验研究及动力响应分析[J]. 工程力学，2016，33(3)：120-127.
Z. G. Guo, S. Y. Cao, A. B. Wang, et al. Dynamic response analysis and test study on FRP strengthened RC slabs subjected to blast loading[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2016, 33(3): 120-127. (in Chinese)
[11] A. Maazoun, S. Matthys, B. Belkassem, et al. Blast response of retrofitted reinforced concrete hollow core slabs under a close distance explosion[J]. Engineering Structures, 2019, 191: 447-459.
[12] 曲艳东，李鑫，刘万里，等. CFRP加固含初始裂纹的RC梁的抗爆性能研究[J]. 玻璃钢/复合材料，2016，(8)：53-56+26.
Y. D. Qu, X. Li, W. L. Liu, et al. Numerical analysis of anti-explosion performance of RC beam with initial cracks strengthened with CFRP sheets[J]. Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites, 2016, (8): 53-56+26. (in Chinese)
[13] 刘兰，李兴，吴越，等. 碳纤维增强复合材料约束钢管混凝土圆柱抗爆性能的数值模拟分析[J]. 钢结构，2018，33(12)：119-124+143.
L. Liu, X. Li, Y. Wu, et al. Numerical simulation analysis on the antiknock performance of concrete filled steel cylindrical column confined by CFRP[J]. Steel Construction, 2018, 33(12): 119-124+143. (in Chinese)
[14] B. Kadhom, H. Almansour, M. Saatcioglu. Post-blast axial capacity of CFRP strengthened RC columns[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, 737(1):012042.
[15] 万军. 碳纤维布加固砌体填充墙抗近距离小当量炸药爆炸实验研究[J]. 工程力学，2019，36(增1)：293-297.
J. Wan. Blast response of CFRP-reinforced concrete masonry wall against small stand-off distance explosive charge[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2019, 36(suppl.1)：293-297. (in Chinese)
[16] 陈力，郑康，祝融，等. CFRP加固砌体填充墙抗燃气爆炸泄爆荷载的优化设计及动力响应[J]. 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版)，2018，51(5)：547-553.
L. Chen, K. Zheng, R. Zhu, et al. Optimization design and dynamic responses of CFRP reinforced masonry infilled wall subjected to vented gas explosion[J]. Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology), 2018, 51(5): 547-553. (in Chinese)
[17] American Lifelines Alliance-American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). Guidelines for the Design of Buried Steel Pipe (with addenda through February 2005)[M]. Reston: VA, USA, 2005.
[18] Standards council of Canada. Oil and gas pipeline systems: CAN/CSA-Z662-15[S]. Ottawa: Standards council of Canada, 2016.
[19] 刘悦，冯庆善，王学力，等. 国内外油气管道设计标准的比较[J]. 油气储运，2012，31(1)：45-47+84-85.
Y. Liu, Q. S. Feng, X. L. Wang, et al. Comparison of Chinese and foreign oil and gas pipeline design standards[J]. Journal of oil and gas storage and transportation, 2012, 31(1): 45-47+84-85. (in Chinese)
[20] 何理，张微，钟冬望，等. 隧道爆破荷载作用下埋地管道动力响应试验[J]. 工程爆破，2019，25(6)：7-13.
L. He, W. Zhang, D. W. Zhong, et al. Experimental study on dynamic response of buried pipeline subjected to blasting load of tunnel[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2019, 25(6): 7-13. (in Chinese)
[21] 梁博，蒋宏业，徐涛龙，等. 基于SPH-FEM耦合算法的埋地输气管道近场爆炸冲击动力响应[J]. 石油学报，2017，38(11)：1326-1334.
B. Liang, H. Y. Jiang, T. L. Xu, et al. Impact dynamic response of near-field explosion in buried gas pipeline based on SPH-FEM coupling algorithm[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(11): 1326-1334. (in Chinese)
[22] 龚相超，钟冬望，司剑峰，等. 高饱和黏性土中爆炸波作用下直埋钢管动态响应[J]. 爆炸与冲击，2020，40(2)：13-25.
X. C. Gong, D. W. Zhong, J. F. Si, et al. Dynamic responses of hollow steel pipes directly buried in high-saturated clay to blast waves[J]. Explosion and Shock waves, 2020, 40(2): 13-25. (in Chinese)
[23] A. S. Abedi, N. Hataf, A. Ghahramani. Analytical solution of the dynamic response of buried pipelines under blast wave[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences, 2016, 88(8): 301-306.
[24] J. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z. Liang. Buckling failure of a buried pipeline subjected to ground explosions[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2018, 114(12): 36-47.
[25] C. H. Shi, Q. J. Zhao, M. F. Lei, et al. Vibration velocity control standard of buried pipeline under blast loading of adjacent tunnel[J]. Soils and Foundations, 2019, 59: 2195-2205.
[26] J. O. Hallquist. LS-DYNA Keyword User’s Manual, Livermore Software Technology Corporation (LSTC)[M]. Livermore: Livermore Software Technology Corporation, 2007.
[27] 石少卿，康建功，汪敏，等. ANSYS/LS-DYNA在爆炸与冲击领域内的工程应用[M]. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2011.
S. Q. Shi, J. G. Kang, M. Wang, et al. Engineering Applications of ANSYS/LS-DYNA in Explosion and Shock Field[M]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2011. (in Chinese)
[28] 周旭. 导弹毁伤效能试验与评估[M]. 北京：国防工业出版社，2014.
X. Zhou. Test and Evaluation for Damage Effectiveness of Missile[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2014. (in Chinese)
[29] 李顺波，东兆星，齐燕军，等. 爆炸冲击波在不同介质中传播衰减规律及数值模拟[J]. 振动与冲击， 2009，28(7)：115-117.
S. B. Li, Z. X. Dong, Y. J. Qi, et al. Numerical Simulation on Decay Spread of Blasting Shock Wave in Different Media [J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2009, 28(7): 115-117. (in Chinese)
[30] 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 基于风险的埋地钢质管道外损伤检验与评价：GB/T 30582-2014[S]. 北京：中国标准出版社，2014.
The Standardization Administration of China. The Risk-Based-Inspection and Assessment Methodology of External Damage for Buried Steel Pipelines standard: GB/T 30582-2014[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2014. (in Chinese)
