摘要涡激振动能量转换装置涉及水流-圆柱型钝体-发电机之间复杂的流固电耦合问题。本文将非线性回复力、单向离合器和齿轮齿条机构引入到涡激振动俘能装置中,提出了一种三稳态涡激振动俘能装置,实现了将钝体的往复振动转化为驱动转子发电机单向转动的传动方案,采用Van der Pol方程描述流固耦合,建立了力学模型和考虑流固电耦合动力学方程。借助数值仿真,与双稳态涡激振动俘能装置的动力学响应和发电功率进行对比,证明了三稳态涡激振动俘能装置的优势。进一步获得了俘能装置中质量比、钝体直径和负载电阻对发电功率的影响规律,给出了某一流速下俘能装置出现最大发电功率的最佳结构参数,最后分析了飞轮惯量大小对发电功率的影响。
关键词:涡激振动;俘能装置;动力学响应;发电性能;三稳态;
Abstract:The fluid-solid-electromechanical coupling problem of water flow-cylindrical bluff-generator is included in the vortex induced vibration energy conversion device. A tristable vortex induced vibration energy electromagnetic harvester (TVIVEH) is put forward by introduce nonlinear restoring force, one-way clutch and rack and pinion mechanism into classic vortex induced vibration energy harvester. The one-way clutch and rack and pinion mechanism can convert up-and-down motion of cylindrical bluff into one-way rotation of rotor generator. The Van der Pol equation is used to model the fluid solid coupling term in the TVIVEH system. The mechanical model and dynamic equations considering fluid-sold-electromechanical coupling are established. The advantage on the power of TVIVEH system is demonstrated by comparing to a bistable vortex induced vibration energy electromagnetic harvester by means of simulations. The effect laws of mass ratio, bluff diameter and load resistance on power generation are obtained. The optimal structure parameters under a certain fluid velocity are obtained. Finally, the effect laws of big and small moment of inertia of flywheel on power generation are obtained.
Key words: vortex-induced vibration; harvester; dynamic response; generation performance; tristable;
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