汽车物流器具随机振动损伤与疲劳寿命预测研究

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摘要汽车零部件产品常被采用堆垛形式的物流器具运输以避免损伤。本文应用随机振动实验方法，分析三种不同振动等级下，堆垛型钢质物流器具的振动损伤。进而，基于物流器具—装载物—夹具相互作用关系，建立了全景天窗运输器具的有限元模型，研究了平稳高斯随机振动下该器具的疲劳响应，获得了关键位置变形和等效应力，预测了器具的疲劳寿命。研究结果表明：有限元分析得到的共振频率与随机振动实验结果相差3.4%；器具振动响应主要受低阶共振频率影响，最大应力集中在堆垛柱与托盘连接处；上层装载物响应加速度1.42g明显大于下层0.79g，而同处于上层的装载物响应加速度差别小于1.7%；上下层堆垛柱响应加速度分别为0.82g和0.79g，差别不明显。上述方法可模拟运输过程中汽车物流器具振动疲劳及装载物易损点，可为汽车物流器具设计提供一定参考。

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	亓昌1
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	高健1
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	苗婷婷3

关键词 ：物流器具, 随机振动, 疲劳寿命, 有限元法, 堆垛

Abstract：Auto parts products are often transported by logistics equipment in the form of stacking to avoid damage. In this paper, the random vibration experiment method is used to analyze the vibration damage of stacking steel logistics bins under three different vibration levels. Then, based on the interaction relationship between logistics bins, load and fixture, the explicit finite element model of panoramic skylight transportation equipment is established. The fatigue response of the equipment under stationary Gaussian random vibration is studied. The deformation and equivalent stress at the key position are obtained, and the fatigue life of the equipment is predicted. The results show that the resonance frequency obtained by finite element analysis is 3.4% different from that of random vibration experiment; The vibration response of the bin is mainly affected by the low-order resonance frequency, and the maximum stress is concentrated at the connection between the stacking column and the pallet; The response acceleration of the upper load 1.42g is significantly higher than that of the lower load 0.79g, while the difference between the response acceleration of the same upper load is less than 1.7%; The response accelerations of the upper and lower stacking columns are 0.82g and 0.79g respectively, and the difference is not obvious. The above method can simulate the vibration fatigue of automobile logistics equipment and the vulnerable points of loads in the process of transportation, and can provide a certain reference for the design of automobile logistics equipment.

Key words： logistics bins random vibration fatigue life finite element analysis stacking

收稿日期: 2022-06-08 出版日期: 2023-07-15

引用本文:

亓昌1,2，高健1,2，苗婷婷3. 汽车物流器具随机振动损伤与疲劳寿命预测研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2023, 42(13): 287-295.
QI Chang1,2， GAO Jian1,2， MIAO Tingting3. Random vibration damage and fatigue life prediction of automobile logistics equipment. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2023, 42(13): 287-295.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I13/287

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