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振动与冲击
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基于零长弹簧的超低频垂直隔振系统研究
设计并实现了一种基于零长弹簧的超低频垂直隔振系统。利用零长弹簧倾斜悬挂摆杆,通过精细调节可实现固有周期为20s的机械振荡。利用光电探测技术检测摆杆的微小位移,并对摆杆进行比例积分微分控制(PID:Proportional-Integral-Derivative),有效补偿温度变化及弹簧蠕变引起的系统漂移,提高系统的稳定性。深入分析控制参数对系统周期特性的影响,反馈控制的积分项(I项)可补偿系统漂移,反馈控制的比例项(P项)可调节系统的刚度,而微分项(D项)可用于控制系统的阻尼系数。通过设置合适的控制参数,可以将系统的固有周期调节至30 s以上。该系统理论上可以实现超低频垂直隔振,有望应用于高精度绝对重力测量等精密物理实验研究。
精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,中国计量科学研究院-清华大学精密测量联合实验室,清华大学精密仪器系  北京  100084
Ultra-low frequency vertical vibration isolation system based on zero-length spring
We design and realize an ultra-low frequency vertical vibration isolation system based on the zero-length spring technology. In the system, a horizontal beam is supported by a zero-length spring and can oscillate with a nature period of 20 s. The movement of the beam is detected by an optical detector and a Proportional-Integral-Derivative control module (PID) is applied to compensate the system drift due to temperature change and spring creep. In addition, the impact of the control parameters on the oscillation period is analyzed. The integral control is necessary to compensate the system drift, and the proportional control is applied for adjusting the system elasticity. Additionally, the derivative control contributes to the system damping. By setting the control parameters appropriately, the oscillation period can be adjusted to more than 30 s. This vertical vibration isolation is important in precision measurement applications such as the ultra-high precision absolute gravimetry.
State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology & Instruments, NIM-THU Joint Institute for Measurement Science , Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
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