液力减振器空程冲击过程的流固耦合仿真与分析

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摘要液力减振器内部的振动及冲击是其噪声产生的原因，通过实验和理论分析发现，该振动与冲击主要表现为空程冲击。为揭示液力减振器油液与活塞之间的空程冲击的具体过程和机理，首先通过建立数学模型，计算得到了某一减振器在不同激励下的空程距离；然后采用ADINA软件建立了模拟该减振器空程冲击过程的气-液两相有限元模型，并进行了流固耦合动态仿真；最后分析了活塞杆加速度的时域和频域响应。研究结果显示：流通阀阀片打开瞬间，油液与活塞的空程冲击将使活塞杆产生显著的轴向振动；随着空程距离增大，活塞杆轴向振动越明显。仿真计算结果与减振器噪声实验结果相符，表明该模型理论及其计算方法可解释减振器噪声产生的原因，并为降噪提供参考。

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关键词 ：液力减振器, 空程冲击, 有限元分析, 流固耦合

Abstract：The generation of hydraulic shock absorber noise is the result of its inner vibration and impact. It is clear that oil-loss-travel impact is main behavior of the vibration and impact by means of theoretical analysis and experiments. In order to reveal the specific process and mechanism of oil-loss-travel impact between the oil fluid and piston of hydraulic shock absorber, firstly, oil-loss-travel distance under different excitations for a certain shock absorber was got by the establishment of mathematical model. And then, the two-phase gas-oil finite element model for the simulation of oil-loss-travel impact of hydraulic shock absorber was established by ADINA and was analyzed by fluid structure interaction dynamic simulation method. The responses in time domain and frequency domain were analyzed. The results show that significant axial vibration of piston-rod is caused by oil-loss-travel impact between the oil fluid and piston at the moment of the opening of circulation valve. With the increase of the oil-loss-travel distance, the axial vibration of piston rod is increasingly obvious. The simulation results conform to the experimental data by comparison. The model theory and calculation method can explain the causes of the abnormal noise of shock absorber, and provide reference for noise reduction.

Key words： hydraulic shock absorber oil-loss-travel impact finite element analysis Fluid structure Interaction

收稿日期: 2014-07-24 出版日期: 2015-11-15

引用本文:

舒红宇,罗霜1，汪明明 1，陈齐平2. 液力减振器空程冲击过程的流固耦合仿真与分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 34(21): 124-128.
Shu Hong-yu1 Luo Shuang1 Wang Ming-ming1 Chen Qi-ping2. Fluid structure Interaction Simulation and Analysis for Oil-loss-travel Impact of Hydraulic Shock Absorber. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2015, 34(21): 124-128.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2015/V34/I21/124

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