As a common type of highway bridges, a rigid frame bridge with double-limb piers being higher than 40 meters may enter a plastic stage under strong earthquakes. The structural characteristics of pier-beam consolidation make the longitudinal relative displacement between pier and beam not occur during earthquake, so dampers or vibration-isolation supports are seldom used on rigid frame bridges. Reinforced concrete (RC) tie-beams are usually arranged on double-limb high piers to reduce the calculation length and improve their stability under loads. Here, energy dissipation tie-beams are recommended to replace the traditional RC tie-beams, and the aseismic control effect of energy dissipation tie-beams on a rigid frame bridge with double-limb high piers under near and far field earthquakes was studied with the elasto-plastic dynamic time-history analysis. The study showed that under the far field earthquake, RC tie-beams can effectively enlarge the energy dissipation capacity of high piers, but shear forces at piers’ bottom are also enlarged, while the energy dissipation tie-beams can prevent pounding effect at beam ends and reduce shear forces at piers’ bottom; conventional beam-platform clearance actually limits the bridge’s longitudinal displacement response at the top of piers, and further limits plastic hinges’ development at piers’ bottom, so the pounding effect at beam ends and shear forces at piers’ bottom become the bridge’s main seismic response; the pounding effect at beam ends and shear forces at piers’ bottom of the rigid frame bridge with high piers under the near-fault seismic records are larger than those under the far field earthquake, while the decreasing amplitude ratio of energy dissipation tie-beams still is higher.