收获期马铃薯块茎跌落冲击特性及损伤规律研究

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摘要为了减少马铃薯机械收获中的损伤，揭示马铃薯块茎跌落冲击损伤机理，以“陇薯7号”马铃薯为试验对象，进行了不同因素下的跌落冲击试验，分别研究了跌落高度、碰撞材料、马铃薯含水率和跌落方向等因素对马铃薯块茎冲击特性和损伤综合指数的影响，并分析了其损伤规律。研究结果表明碰撞材料、马铃薯跌落高度和含水率对冲击特性影响极显著，而跌落方向不显著；冲击特性参数与损伤指标相关性表明：最大变形量与损伤综合指数之间呈显著正相关（r=0.729，P<0.05），恢复系数与损伤综合指数之间呈显著负相关（r=-0.573，P<0.05），并得到了恢复系数和最大变形量与损伤综合指数的线性回归模型，决定系数分别为R2=0.990 7，R2=0.992 3，加速度峰值与损伤综合指数之间不相关（|r|<0.5，P>0.05）；马铃薯与各碰撞材料相撞时，损伤综合指数与跌落高度之间线性相关，决定系数R2≥0.951 4。研究结果可对马铃薯在收获过程中碰撞损伤进行评估。

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	冯斌1
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	孙伟1
	孙步功1
	张涛1
	吴建民1
	石林榕1

关键词 ：马铃薯, 跌落冲击, 相关性, 损伤

Abstract：In order to reduce damages in potato mechanical harvest, there is a need to reveal the damage mechanism of potatoes’ tuber dropping impact.This article took “Gansu potato 7” as experimental material, and carried out a lot of experiments to study potato dropping impact under different factors and conditions.We studied the influence of the impact feature and the damage index of potatoes and analyzed the damage rules by testing the falling height, the collision material, the moisture content and the dropping directions of potatoes.Results show that the collision material, the falling height, and the moisture content have a significant impact on the collision characteristics, but the drop direction was insignificant; the maximum deformation and the damage index show significantly positive correlation, and the restitution coefficient and the damage index are significantly negative correlated, and a linear regression model for the restitution coefficient and the maximum deformation was obtained ,respectively.There is no correlation between the acceleration peak and the damage index.When the potato bumps with the collision materials, the linear correlation exists between the damage index and the falling height.The results of the study can be used to evaluate the collision damage of potatoes during harvest.

Key words： potato dropping impact correlation damage

收稿日期: 2017-12-14 出版日期: 2019-12-15

引用本文:

冯斌1,2，孙伟1，孙步功1，张涛1，吴建民1，石林榕1. 收获期马铃薯块茎跌落冲击特性及损伤规律研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2019, 38(24): 267-274.
FENG Bin1,2, SUN Wei1, SUN Bugong1, ZHANG Tao1, WU Jianmin1, SHI Linrong1. A study on dropping impact characteristics and damage regularity of potato tubers during harvest. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2019, 38(24): 267-274.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/I24/267

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