轨枕空吊对有砟道床动力特性影响的离散元分析

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摘要为研究轨枕空吊对有砟道床动力特性的影响，建立有砟轨道的离散元分析模型。通过缩小与枕底相接触的道砟颗粒的粒径实现了轨枕空吊的模拟，研究了轨枕空吊状态下有砟道床的动力响应，分析了轨枕空吊形式和空吊数量对有砟道床动力响应的影响。结果表明：轨枕空吊会使得道床中道砟颗粒接触力发生重分布，空吊轨枕所在道砟箱中强力键的个数会减少，两侧相邻道砟箱中强力键的个数会增多，轨枕非完全空吊时在列车荷载作用下会对道床产生冲击作用而增大部分道砟颗粒受力；空吊轨枕会失去对其下方道砟颗粒的约束作用而导致道砟颗粒振动的离散性增加，同时会增大轨枕盒中道砟颗粒的振动并显著提高两侧相邻轨枕下方道砟颗粒的振动水平；轨枕空吊会增大轨枕侧面与道砟颗粒之间的摩擦耗能，引起道砟出现“泛白”现象，同时还会增大两侧相邻轨枕下方道砟颗粒之间的摩擦耗能；3根轨枕连续完全空吊对道床动力响应的影响大于1根轨枕完全空吊的影响。

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	崔旭浩
	肖宏
	肖慧娟
	马超智

关键词 ：有砟道床, 轨枕空吊, 离散元法, 动力特性

Abstract：In order to study the effect of unsupported sleeper on dynamic characteristics of ballast beds, the DEM (discrete element model) of a ballast bed was established.The simulation of unsupported sleepers was achieved by reducing the particle size of the ballast particles in contact with the sleeper.The dynamic response of the ballast bed with unsupported sleepers was studied.The influence of the state of unsupported sleepers and the number of unsupported sleepers on the dynamic response of the ballast bed was analyzed.The results show that: the unsupported sleeper will redistribute the contact force of ballast particles.The number of strong force chains in the ballast box where the unsupported sleeper is located will decrease, and the number of strong force chains in the adjacent ballast boxes will increase.The non-completely unsupported sleeper will have an impact on ballast bed, resulting an increase forces of some ballast particles; the unsupported sleeper will lose its constraint on the ballast particles below it, resulting in an increase in the dispersion of ballast particles vibration, and the unsupported sleeper will increase the vibrations of the ballast particles in the sleeper box and significantly increase the vibrations of the ballast particles under the adjacent sleepers; the unsupported sleeper will increase the frictional energy between the sleeper sides and the ballasts, causing the phenomenon of “white specks” of the ballasts and increasing the frictional energy between ballast particles below the adjacent sleepers; the effect of continuous unsupported of three sleepers on the dynamic response of the ballast bed is greater than the effect of one unsupported sleeper.

Key words： ballast bed unsupported sleeper discrete element method dynamic characteristic

收稿日期: 2019-01-31 出版日期: 2020-08-15

引用本文:

崔旭浩，肖宏，肖慧娟，马超智. 轨枕空吊对有砟道床动力特性影响的离散元分析[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020, 39(16): 171-179.
CUI Xuhao, XIAO Hong, XIAO Huijuan, MA Chaozhi. DEM analysis of effect of unsupported sleepers on dynamic characteristics of ballast beds. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2020, 39(16): 171-179.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2020/V39/I16/171

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