Theoretical analysis and experimental study on vibration mitigation characteristics of ballasted ladder track
Both ballasted and ballastless ladder track were constructed in laboratory. A comparison study on vibration mitigation of the two kinds of ladder track was performed by an automatic falling weight system. A numerical model was built for ballasted track with both ladder sleeper and normal concrete sleeper, which was validated by test results. The vibration mitigation characteristics under moving freight train loads were compared for the two kinds of ballasted tracks. Results indicate that ① the vibration mitigation of ballasted ladder track is worse than floating ladder track; ② ballasted ladder track has the advantages on vibration reduction within low frequencies, with the averaged vibration attenuation of 25 dB below 20 Hz through the ballast; ③ ladder sleepers have obvious advantages of easing the train-induced impulse vibration and reducing peak value in time domain; ④ ballasted ladder track has potential advantages for controlling freight train-induced environmental vibrations.
1.School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China；
2. State Key Lab. of Track Technology of High-Speed Railway, China Academy of Railway Sciences, Beijing 100081, China；
3. Beijing IKeru Rail Transit Products Co., LTD, Beijing 100044, China
Abstract：Both ballasted and ballastless ladder track were constructed in laboratory. A comparison study on vibration mitigation of the two kinds of ladder track was performed by an automatic falling weight system. A numerical model was built for ballasted track with both ladder sleeper and normal concrete sleeper, which was validated by test results. The vibration mitigation characteristics under moving freight train loads were compared for the two kinds of ballasted tracks. Results indicate that ① the vibration mitigation of ballasted ladder track is worse than floating ladder track; ② ballasted ladder track has the advantages on vibration reduction within low frequencies, with the averaged vibration attenuation of 25 dB below 20 Hz through the ballast; ③ ladder sleepers have obvious advantages of easing the train-induced impulse vibration and reducing peak value in time domain; ④ ballasted ladder track has potential advantages for controlling freight train-induced environmental vibrations.
[1] 王文斌,刘维宁,马蒙,等. 梯形轨道系统动力特性及减振效果试验研究[J]. 中国铁道科学, 2010,31(2):24-28.
WANG Wen-bin, LIU Wei-ning, MA Meng, et al. Experimental study on the dynamic characteristics and the vibration mitigation effect of ladder track system[J]. China Railway Science, 2010,31(2):24-28.
[2] 金浩,刘维宁,王文斌. 梯式轨枕轨道模态试验分析[J]. 工程力学, 2013,30(3):459-463.
JIN Hao, LIU Wei-ning, WANG Wen-bin. Analysis of modal test of the ladder track[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2013, 30(3):459-463.
[3] Xia H, Chen J G, Xia C Y, et al. An experimental study of train-induced structural and environmental vibrations of a rail transit elevated bridge with ladder tracks[J]. Proceeding of the Institute of Mechanical Engieers, Part F, Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2010,224:115-124
[4] 陈建国,夏禾,姚锦宝. 高架轨道交通列车对周围环境振动影响的试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2011,30(2):159-163.
CHEN Jian-guo, XIA He, YAO Jin-bao. Test for environment vibration induced by trains on viaduct[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2011,30(2):159-163.
[5] 杨新文,和振兴. 梯形轨枕轨道振动特性研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 2012,25(4):388-393.
YANG Xin-wen, HE Zhen-xing. Vibration characteristics of ladder sleeper track[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2012,25(4):388-393.
[6] 金浩,刘维宁. 蚁群算法耦合LS-DYNA梯式轨枕轨道动力特性优化[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013,32(2):24-28.
JIN Hao, LIU Wei-ning. Optimization of laddertype track using ant colony algorithm coupled with LS-DYNA[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013,32(2):24-28.
[7] Asanuma K. Ladder track structure and performance[J]. Railway Technology Avalanche, 2004(6):35.
[8] Hajime W, Nobuyuki M. Performance test of ballasted ladder track at TTCI and floating ladder track in Japan [R]. Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, 2002.
[9] Wakui H, Matsumoto N, Asanuma K, et al. Performance of ballasted ladder track under heavy axle loads tested at TTCI [R]. Japan, 2002.
[10] 马娜,李成辉. 梯形轨枕竖向振动模态分析[J]. 工程力学, 2010,27(5):247-249.
MA Na, LI Cheng-hui. The vertical vibration modal analysis of the ladder sleeper[J]. Engineering Mechanics, 2010,27(5): 247-249.
[11] Cargovibes Project Group. Attenuation of ground-borne vibration affecting residents near freight railway lines- proposal part B[R]. Delft: TNO, 2010.
[12] Vanhonacker P. Attenuation of ground-borne vibration affecting residents near railway lines, D2.2[R]. Leuven, Belgium: Alfa Products and Technologies, 2013.
[13] Huang H, Chrismer S. Discrete element modeling of ballast settlement under train moving at "critical speeds"[J]. Construction and Buidling Materials, 2013,38:994-1000.
[14] 肖宏,高亮,侯博文. 铁路道床振动特性的三维离散元分析[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2009(9):14-17.
XIAO Hong, GAO Liang, HOU Bo-wen. Analysis of ballast dynamic behavior with three-dimensional discrete element method[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2009(9): 14-17.
[15] Galvín P, François S, Schuring J, et al. A 2.5D coupled FE-BE model for the prediction of railway induced vibrations[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2010,30:1500-1512.
[16] Alves Costa P, Calçada R, Silva Cardoso A. Ballast mats for the reduction of railway traffic vibrations,numerical study[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2012, 42: 137-150.
[17] 翟婉明. 车辆-轨道耦合动力学（第三版）[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2007.
[18] Lombaert G, Degrande G, Kogut J, et al. The experimental validation of a numerical model for the prediction of railway induced vibrations[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2006,297(3/5):512-535.
