基于改进EMD-小波包的爆破振动信号降噪方法研究

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摘要针对经验模态分解（EMD）存在模态混叠和降噪效果不佳的问题，依据分解—正交—聚类—降噪—重构的思想，提出了改进EMD-小波包的爆破振动信号降噪方法。该方法融合了核主成分分析（KPCA）的正交性、K-means算法的聚类特性以及小波包的降噪优势，不仅可以消除EMD的模态混叠，也具有良好的降噪效果。研究结果表明：与CEEMDAN和EMD方法相比，在模拟信号降噪试验中，改进EMD-小波包方法的信噪比（7.9dB）最大，均方根误差（2.96）最小。在实测爆破振动信号降噪中，改进EMD-小波包方法降噪后的信号与原始信号相关系数最大为0.91。改进EMD-小波包和CEEMDAN方法的降噪效果相对理想，且改进EMD-小波包方法对10-60Hz低频信号能量保存效果较好，对60Hz以上中高频噪声的滤除效果最好。

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	闫鹏1
	张云鹏1
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	侯善营1
	张为为3
	杨曦1
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关键词 ：爆破振动信号, 经验模态分解, 核主成分分析, K-means算法, 小波包, 降噪

Abstract：Aiming at the problems of mode aliasing and poor signal noise reduction effect in empirical mode decomposition (EMD), according to the idea of decomposition-orthogonal-clustering-noise reduction-reconstruction, a blasting vibration signal noise reduction method based on improved EMD-wavelet packet was proposed. The method combined the orthogonality of kernel principal component analysis (KPCA), the clustering property of K-means algorithm and the noise reduction advantage of wavelet packet. This method could not only eliminate the modal aliasing of EMD, but also had a good noise reduction effect. The results show that compared with CEEMDAN and EMD methods, the improved EMD- wavelet packet method has the highest signal to noise ratio (7.9dB) and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) in analog signal simulation test. In the noise reduction of the measured blasting vibration signal, the correlation coefficient between the original signal and the signal after noise reduction by improved EMD- wavelet packet method is maximum 0.91. The improved EMD-wavelet packet and CEEMDAN methods have better performance, improved EMD-wavelet packet has the best performance in preserving low frequency vibration signals at 10−60 Hz, the best filtering effect on medium and high frequency noise above 60 Hz.

Key words： blasting vibration signal empirical mode decomposition（EMD） kernel principal component analysis（KPCA） K-means algorithm wavelet packet noise reduction

收稿日期: 2023-06-15 出版日期: 2024-06-15

引用本文:

闫鹏1，张云鹏1，2，侯善营1，张为为3，杨曦1，2. 基于改进EMD-小波包的爆破振动信号降噪方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(11): 264-271.
YAN Peng1, ZHANG Yunpeng1,2, HOU Shanying1, ZHANG Weiwei3, YANG Xi1,2. Noise reduction method for blasting vibration signals based on improved EMD-wavelet packet. JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND SHOCK, 2024, 43(11): 264-271.

链接本文:

http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/ 或 http://jvs.sjtu.edu.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/I11/264

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