This paper systematically investigates the dynamic response and damage mechanisms of typical shipside web-frame structures under impact loads through drop-hammer tests and numerical simulations.A conical hammer head was used to impact the web frame structure at different heights, and key response characteristics, including the force-displacement curve and damage deformation, were obtained.A finite element model considering the material strain rate effect was established in LS-DYNA, and the reliability of the numerical method was verified by simulation results.Parameter sensitivity analysis further shows that impact location and strain rate parameters significantly influence the structural impact resistance: the intersection area of longitudinal and transverse members exhibits a higher peak impact force and more balanced energy distribution due to stiffness synergy.The Cowper-Symonds model parameters regulate material dynamic strengthening and failure modes.Using high-strain-rate sensitivity parameters can more accurately reflect the dynamic strengthening effect, and proper parameter calibration is key to improving the prediction accuracy of collision damage.