横风环境下装配风阻制动装置高速列车制动安全速度阈值研究

PDF(2370 KB)

振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10) : 250-260.

交通运输科学

横风环境下装配风阻制动装置高速列车制动安全速度阈值研究

谢红太1,2，王红*1，汤劲松3，王云飞4

作者信息 +

Study on braking safety speed threshold of high-speed train equipped with wind resistance braking device under crosswind environment

XIE Hongtai1,2, WANG Hong*1, TANG Jinsong3, WANG Yunfei4

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为保障下一代装配风阻制动装置高速列车在恶劣风环境中的风阻制动安全，根据现有风阻制动整机设计、工作姿态及系统布局等方面研究成果，以某型动车组为参考，装配8套“蝶形”风阻制动装置，分别建立横风作用下列车空气动力学模型和车辆轨道系统动力学模型，仿真计算在风载荷作用下装配风阻制动装置高速列车动力学行为，通过列车行车安全指标评估确定风阻制动安全速度阈值。研究结果表明：横风作用下，装配风阻制动装置的高速列车运行稳定性和安全性主要受控于头车，在速度200~400 km/h运行时，气动力系数与0~30 m/s横风呈二次非线性关系，随着横风强度的增大，阻力系数增长率逐渐减小，横向力系数和升力系数增长率逐渐增大；轮重减载率是速度200~400 km/h风阻制动安全评估的控制性指标，在风速为10~30 m/s范围内，轮重减载率与运行速度之间近似线性相关；参照国家技术标准和相关试验数据，仿真计算得出的风阻制动安全速度区域，有效落在列车行车安全区域内，在20 m/s横风环境运行时，风阻制动安全速度不超过186.1 km/h；15 m/s横风环境运行时，风阻制动安全速度不超过324.6 km/h；10 m/s横风环境运行时，风阻制动安全速度不超过370.1 km/h。本文研究得出的横风环境中风阻制动安全速度阈值，可为风阻制动装置的优化设计以及运行安全控制提供技术参考。

Abstract

In order to ensure the safety of wind resistance braking of next-generation high-speed trains equipped with wind resistance braking devices in harsh wind environments, according to the existing research results on the design of wind resistance braking machine, working attitude and system layout, a certain type of standard locomotive set as a reference was equipped with 8 sets of "butterfly" wind resistance braking devices, and the aerodynamic model of the train and the dynamic model of vehicle track system under the effect of crosswind were established respectively. The dynamic behavior of the high-speed train assembled with wind-resistant braking device was simulated and calculated under wind load, and the safe speed threshold of wind-resistant braking was determined through the evaluation of the safety indexes of train operation. The results show that under the action of crosswind, the stability and safety of high-speed train operation with wind resistance braking device is mainly controlled by the head car, when running at 200~400 km/h, the aerodynamic coefficient is in quadratic nonlinear relationship with 0~30 m/s crosswind, with the increase of crosswind strength, the growth rate of drag coefficient decreases gradually, and the growth rate of lateral force coefficient and lift coefficient increase gradually; the rate of wheel weight load reduction is the controlling indicators of 200~400 km/h wind resistance braking safety assessment, in the wind speed of 10~30 m/s range, There is an approximately linear correlation between wheel load shedding rate and the operating speed; Referring to national technical standards and relevant test data, the wind resistance braking safety speed zone calculated by simulation effectively falls within the train operating safety zone, When operating in 20 m/s cross-wind environment, the safe speed of wind resistance braking does not exceed 186.1 km/h; in 15 m/s crosswind environment, the safe speed of wind resistance braking does not exceed 324.6 km/h; in 10 m/s crosswind environment, the safe speed of wind resistance braking does not exceed 370.1 km/h. The crosswind wind speed and the safe speed area of wind resistance braking derived from this paper can provide technical reference for the optimized design and the operation and safety control of the wind resistance braking device.

导出引用

谢红太1, 2, 王红1, 汤劲松3, 王云飞4. 横风环境下装配风阻制动装置高速列车制动安全速度阈值研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(10): 250-260

XIE Hongtai1, 2, WANG Hong1, TANG Jinsong3, WANG Yunfei4. Study on braking safety speed threshold of high-speed train equipped with wind resistance braking device under crosswind environment[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(10): 250-260

参考文献

[1] 朱海燕, 曾庆涛, 王宇豪, 等. 高速列车动力学性能研究进展[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2021, 21(3):57-92.
Zhu Haiyan, Zeng Qingtao, Wang Yuhao, et al. Research progress in dynamics performance of high-speed train[J]. Journal of Transportation Engineering. 2021,21(3): 57-92.
[2] 田红旗. 中国高速轨道交通空气动力学研究进展及发展思考[J]. 中国工程科学, 2015, 17(4):30-41.
Tian Hongqi. Development of research on aerodynamics of high-speed rails in China[J]. Engineering Science, 2015, 17(4): 30-41.
[3] 丁叁叁, 陈大伟, 刘加利, 中国高速列车研发与展望, 力学学报, 2021, 53(1): 35-50.
Ding Sansan, Chen Dawei, Liu Jiali. Research, development and prospect of China high-speed train. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. 2021, 53(1):35-50.
[4] KAZUMASA O., MASAFUMI Y. Development of Aerody-namic Brake of Maglev Vehicle for Emergency Use[J]. RIRI, 1989,3(11):53.
[5] TAKAMI H, MAEKAWA H. Characteristics of a wind-actuated aerodynamic braking device for high-speed trains[C]. Fifteenth Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics(15ACFM), 2017:822.
[6] Zuo Jianyong, Wu Mengling, Tian Chun, et al. Aerodynamic braking device for high-speed trains: Design, simulation and experiment[J]. Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit. 2014, 228(3):260-270.
[7] Hajime TAKAMI. Development of aerodynamic brake device for high-speed railway [J]. Quarterly Report of RTRI, 2020, 61(4): 267-272.
[8] 田春, 翁晶晶, 吴萌岭, 等. 高速列车风阻制动试验方法综述[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2021, 21(6): 94-105.
TlAN Chun, WENG jingjing, WU Mengling, et al. Re-view on test methods of aerodynamic brake for high-speed train[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2021, 21(6): 94-105.
[9] 孙文静, 田春, 周劲松, 等. 高速列车空气动力制动会车动力学性能[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版), 2014, 42(9): 1401-1407.
Sun Wenjing, Tian Chun, Zhou Jinsong, et al. Dynamics performance of high-speed train with aerodynamic brake under crossing[J]. Journal of Tongji University (Natural Science), 2014, 42(9): 1401-1407.
[10] 高广军, 张普阳, 商雯斐, 等. 流线型部位风阻制动板对高速列车气动特性的影响分析[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 54(9): 3708-3718.
GAO Guangjun, ZHANG Puyang, SHANG Wenfei, et al. Analysis of influence of aerodynamic braking plates installed on streamlined parts on aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed train[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2023, 54(9): 3708-3718.
[11] 李锋. 高速列车流线型区域制动板增阻机理及参数优化研究[D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2022.
LI Feng. Research on the drag increasing mechanism and the parameter optimization of braking plates in the streamlined area of high-speed trains[D]. Changsha: Central South University, 2022.
[12] 王红, 谢红太. 新型高速列车风阻制动装置气动特性及制动性能研究[J/OL]. 铁道学报, 1-11[2024-07-23]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2104.U.20240710.2017.002.html.
Wang Hong, Xie Hongtai. Research on the aerodynamic characteristics and braking performance of a new type of high-speed train wind resistance braking device [J/OL] Journal of the China Railway Society, 1-11 [2024-07-23] http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2104.U.20240710.2017.002.html.
[13] 谢红太, 王红. 速度400 km/h高速列车风阻制动装置布置的数值研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2023, 45(10):42-51.
XIE Hongtai, WANG Hong. Numerical Study on Arrangement of Aerodynamic Braking Device for 400 km/h High-Speed Train[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2023, 45(10):42-51.
[14] 谢红太, 王红. 风阻制动装置纵向布局密度对高速列车制动效果的影响研究 [J/OL]. 西南交通大学学报, 1-11[2024-9-27]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.1277.U.20240927.1541.005.html.
XIE Hongtai, WANG Hong. Study on the influence of longitudinal layout density of wind resistance braking devices on the braking effect of high speed trains [J/OL] Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 1-11[2024-9-27]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/51.12 77. U.20240927.1541.005.html.
[15] Zhai, Y., Niu, J., Wang, Y., et al. Unsteady flow and aero-dynamic behavior of high-speed train braking plates with and without crosswinds[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2020, 206: 1-13.
[16] Niu, J., Wang, Y., Liu, F., et al. Numerical study on the effect of damaged windows on aerodynamic characteristics of passenger trains under strong crosswind. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers[J], Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2020, 2994-3003.
[17] Niu, J., Wang, Y., Wu, D., et al. Comparison of different configurations of aerodynamic braking plate on the flow around a high-speed train[J]. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2020, 14(1): 655-668.
[18] P.A. Montenegro, H. Carvalho, M. Ortega, et al. Impact of the train-track-bridge system characteristics in the runnability of high-speed trains against crosswinds - Part I: Running safety[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2022, 224,104974.
[19] 王磊,骆建军,李飞龙. 横风下高速列车突入隧道瞬变压力及列车风[J]. 振动与冲击, 2022, 41(03): 27-36.
Wang Lei, Luo Jianjun, Li Feilong. Transient pressure and train wind during high-speed train entering a tunnel under crosswind[J] Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2022, 41(03): 27-36.
[20] Yang Y., Zhang J., Cao F., et al, Evaluation and improvement of wind environment and vehicle safety on long-span bridge deck under strong crosswind[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2022, 228,105089.
[21] 谢红太, 王红. 400 km/h高速列车“蝶形”风阻制动装置设计与仿真[J]. 北京交通大学学报, 2022, 46(6): 152-160.
XIE Hongtai, WANG Hong. Design and simulation of "but-terfly" wind resistance braking device for 400 km/h high-speed train [J]. Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University, 2022, 46(6): 152-160.
[22] BS EN 14067-6, Railway Applications−Aerodynamics Part 6: Requirements, test procedures for cross wind assessment[S].
[23] TB/T-3503.4-2018, 铁路应用空气动力学第4部分列车空气动力学性能数值仿真规范[S].
TB/T-3503.4-2018, Railway Application – Aerodynamics – Part 4: Requirements for train aerodynamics simulation [S].
[24] TB/T-3503.5-2023, 铁路应用空气动力学第5部分大风评估要求和试验方法[S].
TB/T-3503.5-2023, Railway Application – Aerodynamics – Part 5: Requirements and test procedures for wind assessment[S].
[25] 于梦阁. 高速列车风致安全研究[D]. 成都：西南交通大学, 2010.
YU Mengge. Study on the wind-induced security of high-speed trains[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2010.
[26] 张亮, 张继业, 李田, 等. 横风下高速列车的非定常气动特性及安全性[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(6): 124-134.
ZHANG Liang, ZHANG Jiye, LI Tian, et al. Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics and Safety of High-speed Trains under Crosswinds[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016,52(6):124-134.
[27] 国家铁路局. 高速铁路设计规范：TB 10621-2014[S].北京：中国铁道出版社，2014.
TB 10621-2014 Code for design of high speed railway[S].
[28] 李田. 高速列车流固耦合计算方法及动力学性能研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2012.
LI Tian. Approaches and dynamic performances of high-speed train fluid-structure[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2010.