基于微波全场测振的桥梁轻量化监测技术

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振动与冲击 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10) : 106-115.

振动理论与交叉研究

基于微波全场测振的桥梁轻量化监测技术

田文迪1，熊玉勇*1，吴朔阳1，范振华2，程寿山3，彭志科1

作者信息 +

Lightweight monitoring technology for bridges based on microwave full-field vibration sensing

TIAN Wendi1，XIONG Yuyong*1，WU Shuoyang1，FAN Zhenhua2，CHEN Shoushan3，PENG Zhike1

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

桥梁结构的健康监测对于保障交通安全、延长使用寿命、提升运营维护效率等都具有重要的意义，但现有的桥梁监测方法在测量性能、成本及效率上还有待提升。为此，基于新型非接触式微波全场振动测量方法，开展桥梁轻量化监测的应用技术研究。阐述了微波全场测振系统的硬件架构以及全场多目标识别与位移提取的感知原理。发挥微波全场测振的优势，从设备、感测、数据三个层面建立了桥梁轻量化监测方法，提出了基于微波的桥梁全场域多跨挠度与多索索力测量技术。开展不同工况下滑台模拟振动测量实验，验证微波全场测振相较于传统微波测振技术在抑制耦合干扰上的有效性。开展系杆拱桥的结构动态响应户外测试，测量并分析了桥体多测点挠度变化与吊杆索力分布，验证了所提方法能够高效地实现桥梁全场域挠度与索力的测量，为桥梁轻量化健康监测提供了新的技术手段与思路。开展了微波测振仪与传统加速度计吊杆基频测量对比实验，进一步验证了所提方法的准确性。

Abstract

The health monitoring of bridge structures is crucial in ensuring traffic safety, extending service life, and improving operational and maintenance efficiency. However, the existing bridge monitoring methods still require improvements in measurement performance, cost, and efficiency. To address this, research is conducted on the application of a novel non-contact microwave full-field vibration measurement method for lightweight bridge monitoring. The hardware architecture of the microwave full-field vibration measurement system is outlined, along with the sensing principles of full-field multi-target recognition and vibration displacement extraction. Leveraging the advantages of microwave full-field vibration measurement, a lightweight bridge monitoring method is established from three aspects: equipment, sensing, and data. A microwave-based measurement technique for multi-span deflection and multi-cable tension in the full field of the bridge is proposed. A linear slide vibration measurement experiment was conducted under different conditions to verify the effectiveness of microwave full-field vibration measurement in suppressing multi-target coupling interference compared to traditional microwave vibration measurement technology. An outdoor dynamic response test was carried out on a tied-arch bridge, where multi-point deflection changes and cable force distribution of the bridge were measured and analyzed. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently and accurately measure bridge deflections and cable forces, providing a new technical approach and perspective for lightweight bridge health monitoring. A comparative experiment was conducted between the microwave vibrometer and traditional accelerometer for measuring cable fundamental frequencies, further validating the accuracy of the proposed method.

导出引用

田文迪1, 熊玉勇1, 吴朔阳1, 范振华2, 程寿山3, 彭志科1. 基于微波全场测振的桥梁轻量化监测技术[J]. 振动与冲击, 2025, 44(10): 106-115

TIAN Wendi1, XIONG Yuyong1, WU Shuoyang1, FAN Zhenhua2, CHEN Shoushan3, PENG Zhike1. Lightweight monitoring technology for bridges based on microwave full-field vibration sensing[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2025, 44(10): 106-115

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